The nurse is assessing the psychosocial development of a preschooler. What are normal activities characteristic of the preschooler? Select all that apply.

Acts out roles of other people.

Plans activities and makes up games.

Initiates activities with others.

Engages in parallel play with peers.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

A. Acts out roles of other peoplE. Preschoolers often engage in imaginative play and enjoy pretending to be other people or characters. This type of play allows them to explore different roles and scenarios, fostering creativity and social development.

B. Plans activities and makes up games: Preschoolers are becoming more independent and enjoy planning and organizing their activities. They may invent their own games, stories, or

imaginative scenarios, demonstrating their growing cognitive abilities and creativity.

C. Initiates activities with others: Preschoolers are becoming more social and enjoy interacting with peers and adults. They may take the initiative to start games, activities, or conversations with others, demonstrating their growing confidence and social skills.

D. Engages in parallel play with peers: Parallel play, where children play alongside but not directly with each other, is more typical of toddlers than preschoolers. Preschoolers are more

likely to engage in cooperative play, where they interact and play together with peers toward a common goal.

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Correct Answer is B,E,C,A,D

Explanation

B. Trust vs. mistrust: This is the first stage, occurring from birth to approximately 18 months of age, where infants learn to trust or mistrust their caregivers and the world based on

whether or not their basic needs—such as food, affection, and safety—are met.

E. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt: The second stage, from roughly 18 months to 3 years, is when toddlers begin to assert their independence. If caregivers encourage self-sufficient behavior, toddlers learn to be autonomous; if not, they may develop feelings of shame and doubt about their abilities.

C. Initiative vs. guilt: During the preschool years, from about 3 to 6 years, children begin to assert power and control over their world through directing play and other social interactions.

Successful completion of this stage leads to a sense of initiative, while failure results in feelings of guilt.

A. Industry vs. inferiority: Occurring from age 6 to puberty, this stage is characterized by the child's navigation of social demands and learning to develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments and abilities. If this stage is managed well, the child will feel industrious; if not, they may feel inferior.

D. Identity vs. role confusion: The final stage in Erikson's model for adolescence, from puberty to young adulthood, involves developing a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to oneself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self.

A. Ignore the temper tantrums. B. Tell the child that temper tantrums are not acceptable. C. Restrain the child physically. D. Distract the child by offering to play a game.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Ignore the temper tantrums. - Ignoring tantrums may work for some children, but it's not a universal solution and can sometimes escalate the behavior. It also doesn't teach the child appropriate ways to cope with their emotions.

B. Tell the child that temper tantrums are not acceptable. - While setting boundaries is important, simply telling the child that tantrums are unacceptable without providing alternative coping

mechanisms may not be effective, especially for a toddler who may not fully understand verbal reasoning.

C. Restrain the child physically. - Physically restraining the child can be harmful and is not recommended as a method for handling temper tantrums. It can lead to increased frustration and potentially cause injury to the child.

D. Distract the child by offering to play a game. - Distracting the child with a game or other engaging activity can help redirect their attention away from the tantrum and towards a more positive outlet for their emotions. This approach can be effective in diffusing the situation and teaching the child healthy coping strategies.

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The nurse is assessing the psychosocial development of a preschooler. What are normal activities characteristic of the preschooler? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B,E,C,A,D

Explanation

A parent of a toddler asks a nurse at a well-child visit how the child's frequent tempertantrums can best be handled. Which of the following actions should the nurse suggest to the parent?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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