The nurse is aware that a common adverse effect of anesthetic agents experienced by the client is:

Tachycardia.

Decreased respirations.

Malignant hyperthermia.

Hypokalemia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Tachycardia, or an increased heart rate, can occur as a side effect of some anesthetic agents, particularly those that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. However, it is not the most common or severe adverse effect associated with anesthesia.

Choice B reason: Decreased respirations, or respiratory depression, is a known side effect of many anesthetic agents, especially opioids and sedatives used during anesthesia. While significant, it is typically managed with careful monitoring and supportive measures.

Choice C reason: Malignant hyperthermia is a rare but life-threatening reaction to certain anesthetic agents, such as succinylcholine and volatile anesthetics. It is characterized by a rapid increase in body temperature and severe muscle contractions. Immediate treatment with dantrolene and supportive measures are crucial to manage this condition.

Choice D reason: Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, is not commonly associated with anesthetic agents. It is more often related to other medical conditions or treatments, such as diuretic use or gastrointestinal losses.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Administering oxygen per the prescriber’s order to keep SpO2 greater than 96% is not typically recommended for clients with chronic bronchitis. High levels of oxygen can suppress the respiratory drive in clients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes chronic bronchitis. The target SpO2 for these clients is usually between 88% and 92%.

Choice B reason:

Placing the patient in the Sims position is not the most effective position for airway clearance. The Fowler’s or semi-Fowler’s position is generally preferred as it promotes better lung expansion and facilitates easier breathing.

Choice C reason:

Assessing the client’s use of a peak expiratory flow rate meter is important for monitoring the severity of bronchospasm and airflow obstruction. However, it is not a direct intervention for improving gas exchange.

Choice D reason:

Assisting with coughing and deep breathing at least every 2 hours while awake is an effective intervention for clients with chronic bronchitis. This helps to mobilize secretions, improve ventilation, and enhance gas exchange. Regular coughing and deep breathing exercises can prevent atelectasis and reduce the risk of respiratory infections.

A. pH 7.37, PaO2 90 mmHg, PaCO2 44 mmHg, HCO3 22 mEq/L B. pH 7.36, PaO2 60 mmHg, PaCO2 45 mmHg, HCO3 22 mEq/L C. pH 7.48, PaO2 80 mmHg, PaCO2 32 mmHg, HCO3 18 mEq/L D. pH 7.27, PaO2 70 mmHg, PaCO2 38 mmHg, HCO3 14 mEq/L

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

A pH of 7.37, PaO2 of 90 mmHg, PaCO2 of 44 mmHg, and HCO3 of 22 mEq/L indicate a near-normal acid-base balance and adequate oxygenation. The pH is within the normal range (7.35-7.45), suggesting that the client’s acid-base status has improved. The PaO2 is also within the normal range (80-100 mmHg), indicating good oxygenation.

Choice B reason:

A pH of 7.36, PaO2 of 60 mmHg, PaCO2 of 45 mmHg, and HCO3 of 22 mEq/L indicate a slightly acidic pH and hypoxemia (low PaO2). While the pH is close to normal, the low PaO2 suggests that the client is still experiencing significant respiratory distress.

Choice C reason:

A pH of 7.48, PaO2 of 80 mmHg, PaCO2 of 32 mmHg, and HCO3 of 18 mEq/L indicate alkalosis (high pH) and a low PaCO2, which may suggest hyperventilation. This is not an improved acid-base status as it indicates an imbalance.

Choice D reason:

A pH of 7.27, PaO2 of 70 mmHg, PaCO2 of 38 mmHg, and HCO3 of 14 mEq/L indicate acidosis (low pH) and hypoxemia. This result suggests that the client is still in significant respiratory distress and has not achieved an improved acid-base status.

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The nurse is aware that a common adverse effect of anesthetic agents experienced by the client is:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse has applied a client problem of ineffective gas exchange for a client diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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