The nurse is aware that a common adverse effect of anesthetic agents experienced by the client is:

Choice A reason: Assisting in the administration of blood products is typically the responsibility of the circulating nurse. The circulating nurse manages the overall environment of the operating room and ensures that all necessary supplies, including blood products, are available and administered correctly.

Choice B reason: Counting the surgical sponges and instruments is a shared responsibility of both the scrub and circulating nurses. This task is crucial to ensure that no surgical instruments or sponges are left inside the patient, which can prevent serious post-operative complications. The scrub nurse handles the instruments directly, while the circulating nurse verifies the counts, ensuring accuracy and safety.

Choice C reason: Monitoring the traffic in the operating room is primarily the responsibility of the circulating nurse. The circulating nurse ensures that the operating room environment remains sterile and that only authorized personnel are present.

Choice D reason: Monitoring the client’s cardiopulmonary status is typically the responsibility of the anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist, not the scrub or circulating nurses. These professionals are trained to manage the patient’s vital signs and anesthesia during surgery.

Choice A reason:

A sputum culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the definitive test for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB). This test involves collecting a sputum sample and culturing it to detect the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause TB. It is considered the gold standard for confirming active TB infection.

Choice B reason:

The Tuberculin (PPD) skin test, also known as the Mantoux test, is used to screen for TB infection. It can indicate whether a person has been exposed to TB bacteria, but it cannot confirm active TB disease. A positive result requires further testing, such as a sputum culture, to confirm the diagnosis.

Choice C reason:

An acid-fast bacillus (AFB) smear is a quick test that can detect the presence of mycobacteria in a sputum sample. While it can provide a preliminary indication of TB, it is not definitive. A positive AFB smear must be followed by a sputum culture to confirm the diagnosis.

Choice D reason:

A chest X-ray can show abnormalities in the lungs that are suggestive of TB, such as cavities or infiltrates. However, it cannot confirm the diagnosis on its own. Chest X-rays are used in conjunction with other tests, such as sputum culture and AFB smear, to diagnose TB.