The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old with diarrhea secondary to rotavirus. The child has not vomited, but is mildly dehydrated. Which is likely to be included in the discharge teaching?
Continue breastfeeding per routine.
Administer Imodium as needed.
Administer Kaopectate as needed.
Return to daycare 24 hours after antibiotics have been started.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This statement is correct, as breastfeeding is the best source of nutrition and hydration for infants with diarrhea, as it provides antibodies, electrolytes, and fluids. The nurse should encourage the mother to continue breastfeeding per routine, or to offer expressed breast milk if the infant is too weak or fussy to nurse.
Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect, as Imodium is not recommended for infants with diarrhea, as it can cause serious side effects, such as ileus, toxic megacolon, or central nervous system depression. The nurse should advise the parents to avoid giving any anti-diarrheal medications to the infant, unless prescribed by the doctor.
Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect, as Kaopectate is not recommended for infants with diarrhea, as it contains bismuth subsalicylate, which can cause Reye syndrome, a rare but serious condition that affects the liver and brain. The nurse should advise the parents to avoid giving any anti-diarrheal medications to the infant, unless prescribed by the doctor.
Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect, as returning to daycare 24 hours after antibiotics have been started is not appropriate for infants with diarrhea secondary to rotavirus, as antibiotics are not effective against viral infections, and the infant may still be contagious and infect other children. The nurse should instruct the parents to keep the infant at home until the diarrhea has resolved, and to practice good hand hygiene and sanitation to prevent the spread of the infection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a good choice. Watching for signs of cyanosis and administering high dose steroids are not the first steps in managing infective endocarditis. Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxia and steroids are not indicated for this condition.
Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. Obtaining blood cultures, administering high dose antibiotics, and assessing for cardiac decompensation are the priority interventions for a child with infective endocarditis. Blood cultures are needed to identify the causative organism and guide antibiotic therapy. High dose antibiotics are needed to eradicate the infection and prevent further damage to the heart valves. Cardiac decompensation is a serious complication of infective endocarditis that can lead to heart failure and shock.
Choice C reason: This is not a good choice. Starting high dose antibiotics, obtaining serial blood cultures, and putting the child on high flow oxygen are not the best order of management for infective endocarditis. Blood cultures should be obtained before starting antibiotics to avoid false negative results. High flow oxygen may not be necessary unless the child has signs of hypoxia or respiratory distress.
Choice D reason: This is not a good choice. Obtaining CBC, CXR and starting child on high dose aspirin are not the first steps in managing infective endocarditis. CBC and CXR are useful tests to monitor the infection and the cardiac function, but they are not as urgent as blood cultures. High dose aspirin is not recommended for infective endocarditis as it can increase the risk of bleeding.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: An axillary temperature of 37.3° C is within the normal range for a 10 month old child and does not indicate a complication of intussusception or its treatment.
Choice B reason: Mild abdominal pain is expected after an emergency reduction for intussusception and can be managed with analgesics and comfort measures.
Choice C reason: A BP of 100/54 is normal for a 10 month old child and does not reflect hypovolemia or shock, which are possible complications of intussusception.
Choice D reason: Currant jelly stools are a sign of intestinal bleeding and ischemia, which are serious complications of intussusception that require immediate medical attention. Currant jelly stools are red, mucus-like, and mixed with blood. They indicate that the intussusception has not been resolved or has recurred.
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