The parents of a 5-year-old state that the child has been having diarrhea for 24 hours, vomited twice 2 hours ago and is now claiming to be thirsty. The parent asks what to offer the child because they are refusing pedialyte. Select the most appropriate response from the nurse:
Pedialyte is the best thing for your child who, if thirsty enough, will eventually drink it.
Pedialyte is really the best thing for your child. Allow them some choice in the way to take it by offering small amounts in a spoon, medicine cup, syringe or popsicle.
You can offer small amounts of clear diet soda such as Sprite or ginger ale.
It really does not matter what your child drinks as long as it is kept down. Try offering small amounts of fluids in medicine cups.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect, as pedialyte is not the best thing for the child who is refusing to drink it, as it can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. The nurse should not force the child to drink pedialyte, but rather offer alternatives that are more appealing and acceptable to the child.
Choice B reason: This statement is correct, as pedialyte is the best thing for the child who has diarrhea and vomiting, as it can prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. The nurse should encourage the parent to give pedialyte to the child, but also respect the child's preferences and autonomy. The nurse should suggest different ways to make pedialyte more palatable and fun for the child, such as using a spoon, a medicine cup, a syringe, or a popsicle.
Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect, as clear diet soda is not a good option for the child who has diarrhea and vomiting, as it can worsen the dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. The nurse should advise the parent to avoid giving soda to the child, as it contains caffeine, sugar, and carbonation, which can irritate the stomach and intestines, and increase the fluid loss.
Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect, as it does matter what the child drinks, as some fluids can help or harm the child's hydration and electrolyte status. The nurse should educate the parent about the best and worst fluids for the child who has diarrhea and vomiting, and recommend pedialyte as the first choice. The nurse should also instruct the parent to give small and frequent amounts of fluids to the child, and to monitor the urine output, weight, and signs of dehydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a good choice. Adult heart disease can cause volume overload, but so can pediatric heart disease. Volume overload is a condition where the heart has to pump more blood than normal, which can lead to heart failure and pulmonary edema. Volume overload can be caused by various factors, such as valvular defects, hypertension, or anemia.
Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. Adult heart disease is usually acquired, meaning that it develops over time due to factors such as aging, lifestyle, or infection. Pediatric heart disease is usually congenital, meaning that it is present at birth due to genetic or environmental factors that affect the development of the heart.
Choice C reason: This is not a good choice. Heart failure can occur in both adult and pediatric heart disease. Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and edema. Heart failure can be caused by various factors, such as coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, or arrhythmias.
Choice D reason: This is not a good choice. Digoxin is a drug that can be used for both adults and children with heart disease. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that increases the force and efficiency of the heart contractions, slows down the heart rate, and improves the symptoms of heart failure. Digoxin can be used for conditions such as atrial fibrillation, heart failure, or congenital heart defects. However, digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range and requires careful monitoring of the blood levels and the patient's response.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Somnolence, hypotension, and oliguria are signs of decompensated shock, which occurs when the body's compensatory mechanisms fail to maintain adequate tissue perfusion.
Choice B reason: Irritability, tachypnea, and hypotension are also signs of decompensated shock, as the respiratory rate increases to compensate for the low blood pressure and oxygen delivery.
Choice C reason: Irritability, capillary refill time > 2 seconds, and bradycardia are not typical signs of compensated shock, as the heart rate usually increases to maintain cardiac output and blood pressure.
Choice D reason: Irritability, tachycardia, and poor peripheral perfusion are signs of compensated shock, which occurs when the body tries to maintain adequate tissue perfusion by increasing the heart rate, constricting the peripheral blood vessels, and shunting blood to the vital organs.
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