The nurse is caring for a client and witnesses them begin to have tonic-cionic.seizure. The client has a patent peripheral IV medications would the nurse most likely administer seizure activity

Midazolam

Atenolol

Dantrolene

Alteplase

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Midazolam is a benzodiazepine commonly used for the emergency treatment of seizures, including tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures. It works by enhancing GABA activity in the brain, helping to stop seizure activity quickly. It can be administered intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM), or intranasally in emergencies.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. 2-6 hours before meals:
This timeframe is too long for rapid-acting insulin like Lispro. Rapid-acting insulins, such as Lispro, begin to work quickly after administration, typically within 15 minutes, and peak around 1 to 2 hours after injection. Administering it 2-6 hours before meals would not align with the timing of food intake and would likely lead to hypoglycemia before the meal. Timing of rapid-acting insulin should be closer to the meal to match the rise in blood glucose levels that occurs after eating.

B. Lispro lasts 24 hours and does not have to be timed with meals:
This statement is incorrect. Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin, and its duration of action is much shorter than 24 hours, typically lasting about 3-5 hours. It is crucial to time the administration of Lispro with meals to match its peak action with the rise in blood glucose levels after eating. A long-acting insulin would be the type that lasts for 24 hours, but that is not the case with Lispro.

C. 15-30 minutes before meals:
Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin, and its onset of action occurs within 15 minutes after injection. It is most effective when administered within 15-30 minutes before the start of a meal, as it peaks in about 1-2 hours and works to regulate blood glucose levels during and after the meal. This timing ensures that insulin works in concert with the rise in blood glucose following food intake, helping prevent hyperglycemia.

D. 60 minutes before meals:
Administering Lispro 60 minutes before a meal is too early. Rapid-acting insulins, such as Lispro, begin working quickly and reach peak action within 1-2 hours. If administered too far in advance, there is a risk that the insulin may have peaked before the meal, leading to a potential drop in blood glucose levels before the meal is consumed. This could result in hypoglycemia. Therefore, administering it closer to the meal, within 15-30 minutes, is the optimal timing.

A. The patient has the virus but the infection is well controlled and not currently transmissible B. The syndrome has gone from Stage 3 back to stage 2 C. The patient can discontinue with antiretroviral therapy until the viral load rises again D. The patient will be prescribed lower doses of antiretroviral medications for 2 months

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) "The patient has the virus but the infection is well controlled and not currently transmissible."
An undetectable viral load means that the amount of HIV in the blood is so low that it cannot be detected by standard laboratory tests, typically due to effective antiretroviral therapy. However, the patient still has the HIV virus in their body, and it is essential to continue treatment. An undetectable viral load reduces the risk of transmission, particularly to partners, but it does not eliminate the virus entirely. Hence, the infection is well controlled, but ongoing medication is still necessary to maintain viral suppression.

B) "The syndrome has gone from Stage 3 back to stage 2."
An undetectable viral load does not change the HIV stage. HIV is classified into three stages, with Stage 3 representing AIDS. While effective antiretroviral therapy can prevent the progression to AIDS and help control the viral load, it does not "reverse" the stage of HIV infection. Once a person progresses to Stage 3 (AIDS), they remain in this category even if their viral load becomes undetectable.

C) "The patient can discontinue with antiretroviral therapy until the viral load rises again."
An undetectable viral load indicates successful treatment, but it is crucial for the patient to continue taking antiretroviral medications to maintain viral suppression. Discontinuing therapy increases the risk of viral rebound and drug resistance. Long-term adherence to antiretroviral therapy is essential for keeping the virus under control.

D) "The patient will be prescribed lower doses of antiretroviral medications for 2 months.". The goal of antiretroviral therapy is to maintain viral suppression indefinitely, not to reduce the dose or discontinue it temporarily. Lowering the dose of antiretroviral medications could result in viral rebound and loss of viral suppression. Therefore, consistent, full-dose therapy is required for optimal HIV management.

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The nurse is caring for a client and witnesses them begin to have tonic-cionic.seizure. The client has a patent peripheral IV medications would the nurse most likely administer seizure activity

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is planning care for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus. When planning administration for rapid-acting insulin Lispro, the nurse knows to administer it during which timeframe based on the onset of action?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient has Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and the viral load is reported as undetectable. What patient teaching should be provided by the nurse related to this laboratory study results?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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