What is the most common type of shock in children?
septic
anaphylactic
distributive
hypovolemic
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is d. hypovolemic.
Choice A reason: This is not a good choice. Septic shock is a type of distributive shock that occurs when an infection causes a systemic inflammatory response that leads to vasodilation, hypotension, and organ dysfunction. Septic shock is not the most common type of shock in children, although it can be a serious and life-threatening condition.
Choice B reason: This is not a good choice. Anaphylactic shock is a type of distributive shock that occurs when an allergic reaction causes a severe and rapid hypersensitivity response that leads to bronchoconstriction, angioedema, and hypotension. Anaphylactic shock is not the most common type of shock in children, although it can be a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment.
Choice C reason: This is not a good choice. Distributive shock is a broad category of shock that occurs when there is a loss of vascular tone and blood volume distribution that leads to hypoperfusion and tissue hypoxia. Distributive shock can be caused by various factors, such as sepsis, anaphylaxis, neurogenic injury, or adrenal insufficiency. Distributive shock is not the most common type of shock in children, although it can be a complex and challenging condition to manage.
Choice D reason: This is the correct choice. Hypovolemic shock is the most common type of shock in children. Hypovolemic shock occurs when there is a loss of blood or fluid volume that leads to decreased preload, cardiac output, and blood pressure. Hypovolemic shock can be caused by various factors, such as hemorrhage, dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea, or burns. Hypovolemic shock can be a life-threatening condition that requires prompt fluid resuscitation and correction of the underlying cause.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Tenderness is not considered a normal finding during percussion of the abdomen. Tenderness suggests an underlying issue or inflammation in the abdominal area, which requires further evaluation and investigation.
Choice B rationale:
Musical and drumlike sounds are considered normal findings during percussion of the abdomen. These sounds indicate the presence of air-filled structures like the stomach or intestines. Normal abdominal percussion sounds are tympanic, and they are characterized by a hollow, drum-like quality when the abdomen is tapped lightly. This finding suggests that there are no significant abnormalities in the abdominal area.
Choice C rationale:
Absent sounds during abdominal percussion are not considered normal and may indicate a potential problem. Absent sounds could be due to factors such as bowel obstruction or severe constipation, which require further assessment and intervention.
Choice D rationale:
Pain during abdominal percussion is not considered a normal finding. It indicates discomfort or tenderness in the abdominal area, which requires further evaluation to determine the underlying cause.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
While it’s important to monitor for any adverse reactions following a vaccination, not all fevers are serious. Mild fever can be a common side effect of vaccinations and is usually not a cause for concern. However, if the child develops a high fever, or if the fever is accompanied by other severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing or extreme lethargy, it should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately.
Choice B rationale:
There is no need to keep the child home from daycare following the Hib vaccine unless the child is feeling unwell or has other symptoms that warrant staying home. The Hib vaccine is not a live vaccine, so the child cannot transmit the vaccine strain to others.
Choice C rationale:
Applying a cool pack to the injection site can help reduce discomfort or swelling that may occur after the vaccination. This is a safe and effective method for managing minor side effects of vaccinations.
Choice D rationale:
Aspirin should not be given to children due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome, a rare but serious condition that can affect the liver and brain. Instead, over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be used to help manage any pain or fever following the vaccination, if approved by a healthcare provider. Always follow the dosing instructions on the package and consult with a healthcare provider if unsure.
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