The nurse is caring for a client who just had a subclavian central venous catheter inserted. Which symptom should the nurse recognize as setting a priority for this client's care?

Decreased pedal pulses

Tachycardia

Presence of bibasilar crackles

Headache

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. Tachycardia (elevated heart rate) can be a sign of various underlying conditions, including pain, anxiety, or cardiovascular compromise. While tachycardia may occur as a response to stress or pain associated with the catheter insertion procedure, it can also indicate complications such as hemorrhage, cardiac dysrhythmias, or pulmonary embolism, which require prompt evaluation and intervention.
A. While this can be concerning, it is not typically directly related to complications of a subclavian central venous catheter insertion unless there is evidence of arterial injury or thrombosis.
C. Bibasilar crackles are abnormal lung sounds that can indicate fluid accumulation in the lungs, such as pulmonary edema or pneumonia. However, this may not be directly related to the subclavian central venous catheter insertion itself.
D. Headache is a non-specific symptom that can have numerous causes, including stress, dehydration, or tension.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. One of the primary functions of an IV infusion pump is to precisely control the rate and volume of fluid delivery, thereby reducing the risk of accidental administration of large amounts of fluids. The pump allows for accurate programming of infusion rates and volume limits, enhancing safety and preventing fluid overload or other complications.
A. Using an IV infusion pump does not eliminate the need for assessing the IV site regularly. Regardless of the infusion method, it is essential to monitor the IV site frequently for signs of complications such as infiltration, phlebitis, or dislodgement. Therefore, this option is not the appropriate rationale for using an IV infusion pump.

C. IV infusion pumps are programmable devices that allow for precise control of the drip rate independent of the client's position. They ensure a consistent and controlled flow rate regardless of changes in the client's position, providing reliable delivery of fluids or medications.
D. While IV infusion pumps can deliver fluids at various rates, including rapid infusion rates when necessary, their primary purpose is not to administer fluids at a rapid rate. Rather, they are designed to deliver fluids or medications at controlled and programmed rates tailored to the client's needs, ensuring safety and accuracy.

A. chronic stress changes genetic structure. B. physiologic responses that were originally adaptive become maladaptive over time. C. the patient experiences a deficit of available corticosteroids and catecholamines D. the patient loses psychologic energy while worrying about stress.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. This statement aligns with the concept of allostatic load, which refers to the cumulative physiological toll that chronic stress places on the body over time. Initially, the body's stress response system (the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system) is designed to help individuals cope with acute stressors. However, when stress becomes chronic, these physiological responses can become dysregulated and maladaptive, leading to negative health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, immune dysfunction, and mental health disorders.
A. Chronic stress has been associated with various changes in gene expression and epigenetic modifications. However, these changes typically occur over longer periods and are not the primary mechanism by which chronic stress leads to illness in most cases.
C. Chronic stress can lead to dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system, which are responsible for producing and regulating corticosteroids (such as cortisol) and catecholamines (such as adrenaline and noradrenaline). While acute stress typically results in increased production of these stress hormones, chronic stress can lead to desensitization and dysregulation of these systems, resulting in alterations in hormone levels and potential deficits in the availability of these stress mediators. However, deficits in corticosteroids and catecholamines are not the sole mechanism by which chronic stress leads to illness.
D. While chronic stress can certainly contribute to psychological fatigue and depletion of energy reserves, this is not the primary mechanism by which chronic stress leads to illness. The physiological responses to chronic stress, such as dysregulation of stress hormones, inflammation, and oxidative stress, are more directly linked to the development of various illnesses.

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The nurse is caring for a client who just had a subclavian central venous catheter inserted. Which symptom should the nurse recognize as setting a priority for this client's care?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse recognizes that the appropriate rationale for using an IV infusion pump for a client is to:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse recognizes that chronic stress can lead to a variety of illnesses in a patient. This is primarily because:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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