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The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted 24 hours ago with a traumatic brain injury. Which medications would the nurse anticipate being prescribed to reduce cerebral edema and prevent a secondary brain injury? Select All That Apply

Morphine

Lactated Ringers

Selected Medications

Dexamethasone

Mannitol

Hypertonic saline

Furosemide

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : D,E,F,G

A. Morphine is typically used for pain relief, but it is not used to reduce cerebral edema.

B. Lactated Ringers is a balanced electrolyte solution, but it does not address the need for reducing cerebral edema.

D. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation and cerebral edema in cases of brain injury.

E. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used to reduce cerebral edema by drawing fluid out of the brain and into the bloodstream.

F. Hypertonic saline is used to increase serum osmolality, helping to pull water out of the brain and reduce edema.

G. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can also help reduce cerebral edema by promoting diuresis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Occurs during stress: This describes stable angina, which is precipitated by predictable stress or exertion.

B. Occurs without any EKG changes: Unstable angina often presents with reversible ischemic EKG changes, such as ST depression or T wave inversion.

C. Occurs with reversible EKG changes: While this is true for unstable angina, it is not the primary differentiator compared to other types of angina.

D. Occurs at rest: Correct. Unstable angina is characterized by chest pain that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion, differentiating it from stable angina.

A. Troponin B. Alkaline phosphatase C. Creatine kinase D. Myoglobin

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Troponin: Troponin is the most specific and reliable biomarker for myocardial injury. Levels rise within 3-6 hours and remain elevated for days, providing diagnostic and prognostic information.

B. Alkaline phosphatase: This is related to liver and bone disorders, not cardiac events.

C. Creatine kinase (CK): While CK-MB is specific to cardiac tissue, it is less specific and remains elevated for a shorter period compared to troponin.

D. Myoglobin: Myoglobin is an early but nonspecific marker of muscle damage and is not as reliable for diagnosing myocardial injury.

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The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted 24 hours ago with a traumatic brain injury. Which medications would the nurse anticipate being prescribed to reduce cerebral edema and prevent a secondary brain injury? Select All That Apply

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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