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The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted 24 hours ago with a traumatic brain injury. Which medications would the nurse anticipate being prescribed to reduce cerebral edema and prevent a secondary brain injury? Select All That Apply

Morphine

Lactated Ringers

Selected Medications

Dexamethasone

Mannitol

Hypertonic saline

Furosemide

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : D,E,F,G

A. Morphine is typically used for pain relief, but it is not used to reduce cerebral edema.

B. Lactated Ringers is a balanced electrolyte solution, but it does not address the need for reducing cerebral edema.

D. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation and cerebral edema in cases of brain injury.

E. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used to reduce cerebral edema by drawing fluid out of the brain and into the bloodstream.

F. Hypertonic saline is used to increase serum osmolality, helping to pull water out of the brain and reduce edema.

G. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can also help reduce cerebral edema by promoting diuresis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Congenital valve abnormalities: Although congenital heart defects can cause aortic stenosis, rheumatic fever is a more common cause in adults.

B. Rheumatic fever: Rheumatic fever is the most common cause of aortic stenosis in adults, as it can lead to scarring and narrowing of the aortic valve.

C. Autoimmune deficiency syndrome: This is not associated with aortic stenosis.

D. Degenerative calcification of valve: This is a common cause of aortic stenosis in older adults, but it is generally less common than rheumatic fever as the primary cause in a younger or middle-aged population.

A. Complete a neurovascular check of the affected extremity. B. Perform passive range of motion. C. Assess the gag reflex prior to feeding the client. D. Keep the client in high Fowler's position.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Complete a neurovascular check of the affected extremity: Neurovascular assessment ensures that blood flow and nerve function are intact post-procedure. Complications such as arterial occlusion or hematoma can cause ischemia or nerve damage, making this the priority.

B. Perform passive range of motion: This is not a priority and may not be appropriate immediately post-catheterization as movement of the extremity can increase the risk of bleeding.

C. Assess the gag reflex prior to feeding the client: This applies to clients recovering from sedation during procedures like endoscopy, not cardiac catheterization.

D. Keep the client in high Fowler's position: This is contraindicated post-cardiac catheterization, as elevating the head too much can increase pressure at the puncture site and lead to bleeding.

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The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted 24 hours ago with a traumatic brain injury. Which medications would the nurse anticipate being prescribed to reduce cerebral edema and prevent a secondary brain injury? Select All That Apply

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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