The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted for a closed femur fracture. Which of the following signs and symptoms would alert the nurse that the client is experiencing compartment syndrome?

Intact motor function of the lower extremity.

Pedal capillary refill time of 5 seconds.

Bounding dorsal pedal pulse.

Pallor to the lower extremity.

Numbness and tingling of the lower extremity.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

A. Intact motor function is not a sign of compartment syndrome. Motor deficits, rather than intact function, would raise concern for this condition.
B. A capillary refill time of 5 seconds is prolonged and indicates impaired circulation, which is a sign of compartment syndrome.
C. A bounding pulse is not consistent with compartment syndrome. Pulses may initially remain normal but can diminish as the condition progresses.
D. Pallor to the lower extremity suggests compromised blood flow, which is a hallmark of compartment syndrome.
E. Numbness and tingling (paresthesia) indicate nerve compression, a common symptom of compartment syndrome.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic that typically causes the loss of potassium through the urine, thus putting clients at risk for hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.
B. Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it helps the body retain potassium. As a result, it can lead to hyperkalemia, especially in patients with kidney dysfunction or when used with other medications that increase potassium levels.
C. Sodium polystyrene sulfate (Kayexalate) is used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium for potassium in the intestines, thus lowering potassium levels. It does not contribute to hyperkalemia.
D. Insulin does not directly cause hyperkalemia; in fact, insulin administration can lower potassium levels by driving potassium into cells.

A. Administer oxygen at 4 liters per minute via nasal cannula B. Administer Naloxone via IV push C. Open the patient's airway with a head tilt. D. Place them in the shock position with legs elevated

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administering oxygen is important, but the priority is reversing the opioid-induced respiratory depression with naloxone. Oxygen alone will not address the underlying cause of the decreased level of consciousness.
B. Administering naloxone (Narcan) is the priority intervention because it is an opioid antagonist that will reverse the effects of morphine and other opioids, improving respiratory function and consciousness.
C. Opening the airway is important, but the primary issue here is opioid overdose, which requires naloxone administration for reversal of respiratory depression.
D. Placing the patient in the shock position is not indicated in this scenario. The focus should be on reversing opioid toxicity, not on positioning for shock.

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The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted for a closed femur fracture. Which of the following signs and symptoms would alert the nurse that the client is experiencing compartment syndrome?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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