A patient presents with a heart rate of 130 beats/minute and a blood pressure of 82/66 after exerting themselves in the sun. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate?

Administer a hypotonic solution

Administer a vasoconstrictor medication

Administer an isotonic solution intravenously

Administer a hypertonic solution intravenously

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Administering a hypotonic solution would not be appropriate in this case. Hypotonic solutions can lower the blood pressure further and worsen the patient’s condition.
B. Administering a vasoconstrictor medication may increase blood pressure, but it is not the first-line treatment for dehydration or volume loss, which seems to be the cause of the patient’s symptoms.
C. Administering an isotonic solution intravenously is the most appropriate intervention. The patient is likely experiencing dehydration and hypotension due to fluid loss from exertion in the sun (possibly heat exhaustion). Isotonic fluids such as normal saline or lactated Ringer's solution are typically used to restore circulating volume and improve blood pressure.
D. Administering a hypertonic solution would be inappropriate, as it could increase the osmolarity of the blood and worsen dehydration, potentially causing fluid shifts that could lead to complications such as cellular dehydration.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Upper UTI refers to infections that affect the kidneys (pyelonephritis) and ureters. These infections are typically more serious and can lead to kidney damage if not treated promptly.
B. Lower UTI refers to infections that affect the bladder (cystitis) or urethra (urethritis), which are generally less severe than upper UTIs.
C. Urosepsis is a severe, systemic infection that results from a UTI that has spread to the bloodstream. It can occur with either upper or lower UTIs.
D. Uncomplicated UTI refers to a straightforward infection of the urinary tract, typically involving the bladder, in an otherwise healthy individual. It is not specifically related to the kidneys or ureters.

A. Intact motor function of the lower extremity. B. Pedal capillary refill time of 5 seconds. C. Bounding dorsal pedal pulse. D. Pallor to the lower extremity. E. Numbness and tingling of the lower extremity.

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Intact motor function is not a sign of compartment syndrome. Motor deficits, rather than intact function, would raise concern for this condition.
B. A capillary refill time of 5 seconds is prolonged and indicates impaired circulation, which is a sign of compartment syndrome.
C. A bounding pulse is not consistent with compartment syndrome. Pulses may initially remain normal but can diminish as the condition progresses.
D. Pallor to the lower extremity suggests compromised blood flow, which is a hallmark of compartment syndrome.
E. Numbness and tingling (paresthesia) indicate nerve compression, a common symptom of compartment syndrome.

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A patient presents with a heart rate of 130 beats/minute and a blood pressure of 82/66 after exerting themselves in the sun. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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