Which classification of urinary tract infection (UTI) is described as infection of the kidneys and ureters?

Upper UTI

Lower UTI

Urosepsis

Uncomplicated UTI

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Upper UTI refers to infections that affect the kidneys (pyelonephritis) and ureters. These infections are typically more serious and can lead to kidney damage if not treated promptly.
B. Lower UTI refers to infections that affect the bladder (cystitis) or urethra (urethritis), which are generally less severe than upper UTIs.
C. Urosepsis is a severe, systemic infection that results from a UTI that has spread to the bloodstream. It can occur with either upper or lower UTIs.
D. Uncomplicated UTI refers to a straightforward infection of the urinary tract, typically involving the bladder, in an otherwise healthy individual. It is not specifically related to the kidneys or ureters.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Ensuring an incentive spirometer is available is important for postoperative care to prevent atelectasis, but it is not the priority immediately before surgery.
B. Preoperative teaching is valuable but should ideally be completed earlier in the care process. Last-minute teaching may overwhelm the patient or delay critical interventions.
C. Reporting allergies is essential, but if the allergy to sardines does not pertain to the current surgical plan or medications, it is not the immediate priority in this situation.
D. Administering the preoperative intravenous antibiotic is the top priority because it helps reduce the risk of surgical site infections. Timing of preoperative antibiotics is critical to their effectiveness.

A. Antihypertensive medication B. Fluid replacement C. Potassium laboratory monitoring D. Insulin IV infusion

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Antihypertensive medication is not a priority intervention for a client with a blood glucose level of 620 mg/dL, which indicates hyperglycemia, likely due to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). The focus should be on correcting the hyperglycemia and preventing complications like dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.
B. Fluid replacement is essential to treat dehydration caused by hyperglycemia, as high blood glucose levels cause osmotic diuresis.
C. Potassium laboratory monitoring is crucial because insulin treatment can shift potassium into cells, potentially causing hypokalemia, so monitoring is necessary during treatment.
D. Insulin IV infusion is necessary to lower the blood glucose level in clients with severe hyperglycemia, such as in DKA or HHS.

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Which classification of urinary tract infection (UTI) is described as infection of the kidneys and ureters?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is finalizing preparations for a patient going to surgery in 30 minutes. Which of the following tasks should be the nurse's top priority?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with a blood glucose reading of 620 mg/dL. The nurse would expect all of the following interventions except which?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who is diabetic and has a blood glucose level of 30 mg/dL. The client is unconscious and has a 20-gauge peripheral IV in the antecubital area. After securing the client's airway, what medication should the nurse plan to administer first?

The nurse is caring for a client with external fixation of the tibia. Which of the following would the nurse include in the plan of care?

The nurse should explain that which of the following medications puts a client at risk for developing hyperkalemia?

A client presents to the emergency department with complaints of urinary frequency, dysuria, and fever. Which of the following orders should the nurse carry out first?

Which of the following is a potential complication for a client whose potassium level is 6.5 mEq/L?

The nurse is assessing an elderly client admitted for hyponatremia. Which of the following findings requires immediate intervention?

Which of the following actions is inappropriate when implementing precautions in a client with hyponatremia?

The nurse is planning care for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus. When planning administration for rapid-acting insulin Lispro, the nurse knows to administer it during which timeframe based on the onset of action?