The nurse is caring for a client with advanced cirrhosis. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse recognize as a serious complication of this condition?

Frequent nosebleeds and bruising

Urinary retention

No bowel movement in three days

Increased blood glucose

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Frequent nosebleeds and bruising are indicative of coagulopathy, a common complication in advanced cirrhosis due to the liver's impaired ability to synthesize clotting factors. This can lead to an increased tendency to bleed.

Choice B reason: Urinary retention is not typically associated with cirrhosis. Instead, cirrhosis can lead to renal dysfunction known as hepatorenal syndrome, characterized by the failure of the kidneys to filter waste from the blood².

Choice C reason: While constipation can occur in cirrhosis, no bowel movement in three days is not a direct complication of cirrhosis. However, it could be related to the overall health status of the patient or medications used.

Choice D reason: Increased blood glucose is not a direct complication of cirrhosis. Cirrhosis primarily affects the metabolism of proteins and fats and does not directly cause hyperglycemia unless there is concurrent diabetes or metabolic syndrome.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A. An embolic stroke is caused by an embolus, often a blood clot, that travels to the brain from another part of the body. It does not typically present with a sudden, severe headache.

Choice B. A thrombotic stroke occurs when a blood clot forms inside one of the brain's arteries. While it can cause a headache, it is not usually characterized by a sudden, severe headache.

Choice C. A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is often called a mini-stroke and symptoms are temporary. A sudden, severe headache is more indicative of a hemorrhagic stroke.

Choice D. A hemorrhagic stroke, which involves bleeding within the brain, is most likely to cause a sudden, severe headache, and can lead to seizures and changes in consciousness.

A. Aspiration B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease C. Peptic ulcer disease D. Dumping syndrome

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Aspiration is a common complication in patients with dysphagia post-stroke due to impaired swallowing reflexes, leading to food or liquid entering the lungs.

Choice B reason: Gastroesophageal reflux disease could be a concern but is not directly related to dysphagia post-stroke.

Choice C reason: Peptic ulcer disease is not typically a complication of dysphagia post-stroke.

Choice D reason: Dumping syndrome is related to rapid gastric emptying post-meal, not dysphagia post-stroke.

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The nurse is caring for a client with advanced cirrhosis. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse recognize as a serious complication of this condition?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and has dysphagia. For which of the following complications should the nurse monitor the client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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