The nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease: Which of the following orders would be anticipated for this patient?

NG tube placement

Low calorie and low protein diet

Stool softeners and laxatives

Barium contrast imaging studies

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. NG tube placement:
In patients with an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly in cases of severe flare-ups, the gastrointestinal tract may need rest, and the patient may have difficulty maintaining adequate nutrition. An NG (nasogastric) tube may be used for enteral feeding if the patient is unable to tolerate oral intake, or to provide bowel rest if indicated. Nutritional support via an NG tube can help provide essential nutrients and manage symptoms during an exacerbation, especially if the patient is experiencing severe nausea, vomiting, or malabsorption.

B. Low calorie and low protein diet:
During an IBD flare, the patient typically needs a higher-calorie, higher-protein diet to support healing and immune function. A low-calorie, low-protein diet would not be appropriate, as it would not provide the necessary nutrients for recovery and tissue repair. In fact, nutritional support is often one of the key components in managing IBD exacerbations. A diet rich in calories and protein is often recommended to prevent malnutrition.

C. Stool softeners and laxatives:
Stool softeners and laxatives are generally contraindicated during an IBD flare, as they can exacerbate diarrhea and increase bowel motility, which may worsen symptoms such as abdominal pain, cramping, and diarrhea. The focus during an exacerbation of IBD is typically on controlling inflammation, rest, and reducing bowel irritation, rather than promoting bowel movements.

D. Barium contrast imaging studies:
Barium contrast imaging studies are generally not performed during an acute exacerbation of IBD because they can cause further irritation to the inflamed bowel. Imaging studies are typically used for diagnosis and assessment of disease extent in a stable or chronic phase, rather than during an acute flare. The priority during a flare is managing symptoms and controlling inflammation, not conducting procedures that could aggravate the condition.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

Given:

Desired dose: Dextromethorphan 30 mg PO

Available concentration: Dextromethorphan oral liquid 75 mg/5 mL

To find:

Volume to administer (in mL)

Step 1: Set up the proportion

We can use the following proportion to solve the problem:

(Desired dose) / (Available concentration) = Volume to administer

Step 2: Substitute the values

Plugging in the given values, we get:

(30 mg) / (75 mg/5 mL) = Volume to administer

Step 3: Simplify

To simplify, we can invert the denominator and multiply:

(30 mg) x (5 mL / 75 mg) = Volume to administer

The "mg" units cancel out, leaving us with:

(30 x 5 mL) / 75 = Volume to administer

Step 4: Calculate

Performing the multiplication and division, we get:

150 mL / 75 = Volume to administer

2mL = Volume to administer

A. Increased viral load B. Decreased neutrophil count C. Decreased white blood cell count D. Increased CD4-T-cell count

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) "Increased viral load":
An increased viral load would indicate that the HIV virus is actively replicating in the body. This suggests that the antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not effective, as it has failed to suppress the viral replication. The goal of ART is to lower the viral load to undetectable levels, indicating that the virus is well controlled.

B) "Decreased neutrophil count":
. A decreased neutrophil count (neutropenia) is not directly related to the effectiveness of ART in managing HIV. Neutropenia can occur due to various causes, such as certain medications (including some ART medications), infections, or other underlying conditions. While neutropenia could be a side effect of ART, it does not directly reflect the effectiveness of HIV treatment. Monitoring CD4-T-cell counts and viral load is a better indicator of ART effectiveness.

C) "Decreased white blood cell count":
. A decreased white blood cell count (leukopenia) is also not an indicator of ART effectiveness. While some ART medications may lead to a decrease in white blood cell count, especially in the early stages of treatment, a decrease in the white blood cell count is not a measure of how well the therapy is controlling HIV. The effectiveness of ART is primarily assessed by the viral load and CD4-T-cell count.

D) "Increased CD4-T-cell count":
. CD4-T-cell count is a critical marker for monitoring the immune system's function in patients with HIV. CD4-T-cells are a type of T lymphocyte (white blood cell) that are targeted and destroyed by the HIV virus. A higher CD4-T-cell count indicates that the immune system is recovering and functioning better, which is a sign that the ART is effective in controlling the virus. Ideally, ART should result in a higher CD4-T-cell count and lower viral load, showing that the treatment is effectively suppressing the virus and preserving the immune system.

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The nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease: Which of the following orders would be anticipated for this patient?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer dextromethorphan 30 mg PO. The amount available is dextromethorphan oral liquid 7.5 mg/5mL. How many should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero)

Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

The nurse is monitoring the effectiveness or antiretroviral therapy (ART) for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What laboratory study results indicates the medications are effective?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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