The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension who is on alpha blockers. The nurse is concerned about postural hypotension. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Change positions slowly

Check blood pressure every day for signs of rebound hypertension

Do not become dependent on canes, walkers, or handrails.

Eat plenty of salty food to prevent hypotension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The information that the nurse should include in the teaching plan for a client with hypertension who is on alpha blockers and at risk for postural hypotension is: Change positions slowly.

Alpha blockers are a class of medications commonly prescribed for hypertension. One potential side effect of alpha blockers is postural hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure when changing positions, such as from sitting to standing. To minimize the risk of postural hypotension, it is important for the client to change positions slowly. The nurse should advise the client to take their time when transitioning from lying down, sitting, or standing, allowing their body to adjust and stabilize their blood pressure.

The other options are not appropriate or helpful in managing postural hypotension:

Check blood pressure every day for signs of rebound hypertension: Rebound hypertension refers to a sudden increase in blood pressure that can occur when discontinuing certain antihypertensive medications. It is not directly related to postural hypotension. Regular blood pressure monitoring is important for managing hypertension, but it is not specifically related to postural hypotension or alpha blockers.

Do not become dependent on canes, walkers, or handrails: Assistive devices like canes, walkers, or handrails can provide support and stability for individuals who experience balance issues or are at risk of falls. It is not necessary to discourage their use unless there are specific contraindications or safety concerns.

Eat plenty of salty food to prevent hypotension: Increasing salt intake is generally not recommended for individuals with hypertension or those at risk of postural hypotension. A high-sodium diet can contribute to elevated blood pressure and is generally discouraged. The nurse should instead encourage a balanced diet that includes appropriate sodium intake based on the client's healthcare provider's recommendations.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The inability to move the left arm and leg suggests a neurological deficit, which is a significant finding that requires immediate attention. It could indicate a potential stroke or another neurological emergency that requires prompt evaluation and intervention. The health care provider needs to be notified immediately so that appropriate diagnostic tests and interventions can be initiated.

Tremors in the fingers when extending the arms can be a sign of tremor disorders or medication side effects but may not warrant immediate intervention.

Atrial fibrillation is a cardiac arrhythmia that requires monitoring and management but may not be directly related to the acute neurological issue.

The headache reported by the patient, although significant, is subjective and may be related to the hypertensive emergency or other factors but does not require immediate intervention compared to the potential neurological deficit.

A. Elevate the legs and arms above the heart when resting. B. Encourage the client to engage in a moderate amount of exercise. C. Encourage extended periods of sitting or standing. D. Discourage walking in order to limit pain.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The most appropriate intervention for a client diagnosed with peripheral arterial insufficiency is: Encourage the client to engage in a moderate amount of exercise. Peripheral arterial insufficiency is a condition characterized by reduced blood flow to the extremities, typically the legs, due to narrowed or blocked arteries. Regular exercise is an important component of managing peripheral arterial insufficiency. Exercise helps improve circulation, promote collateral blood vessel development, and increase the distance a client can walk before experiencing pain (intermittent claudication). Therefore, encouraging the client to engage in a moderate amount of exercise, such as walking, under healthcare provider guidance is crucial.]

The other options are not appropriate interventions for peripheral arterial insufficiency:

Elevating the legs and arms above the heart when resting: While elevation can be beneficial for certain conditions, such as reducing swelling in venous insufficiency, it is not the primary intervention for peripheral arterial insufficiency. Elevation alone does not improve arterial blood flow and may not effectively address the underlying circulatory issues.

Encouraging extended periods of sitting or standing: Prolonged sitting or standing can further restrict blood flow and exacerbate symptoms in clients with peripheral arterial insufficiency. Encouraging regular movement and avoiding prolonged immobility is important to maintain adequate circulation.

Discouraging walking in order to limit pain: While walking may cause pain or discomfort in clients with peripheral arterial insufficiency (intermittent claudication), it is important to encourage walking as part of an exercise regimen. Walking helps improve symptoms over time and promotes overall cardiovascular health.

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The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension who is on alpha blockers. The nurse is concerned about postural hypotension. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan?