The nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who is attempting to pass a kidney stone. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse recognize as Indicating a potential emergency situation?
Renal colic
Hematuria in urinalysis
Nausea
Anuria
The Correct Answer is D
D. Anuria refers to the absence of urine production, which can occur due to urinary tract obstruction, severe dehydration, or renal failure. In the context of a client attempting to pass a kidney stone, anuria would be a concerning sign indicating potential urinary tract obstruction requiring urgent medical attention.
A. Renal colic refers to severe flank pain caused by the passage of a kidney stone through the urinary tract. While renal colic is a common symptom of kidney stones and can cause significant discomfort, it does not necessarily indicate an emergency situation unless it is associated with complications such as obstructive uropathy or infection.
B. Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is a common finding in individuals with kidney stones. It occurs due to irritation or injury to the urinary tract as the stone passes through.
C. Nausea is a common symptom experienced by individuals with kidney stones, particularly if there is associated pain or discomfort. While nausea can be distressing, it does not typically indicate an emergency situation unless it is severe and persistent, leading to dehydration or other complications.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
C. Thirst, polyuria, and abdominal pain are symptoms commonly associated with hyperglycemia. High blood glucose levels can lead to osmotic diuresis, causing increased urination and thirst. Abdominal pain may occur due to gastrointestinal symptoms related to hyperglycemia, such as bloating or discomfort.
A. Blurred vision, weakness, tingling of extremities are more indicative of hypoglycemia rather than hyperglycemia.
B. Hunger, shakiness, confusion are symptoms of hypoglycemia rather than hyperglycemia.
D. While tachycardia and anxiety can occur with various medical conditions, oliguria is not typically associated with hyperglycemia.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. This statement reflects an understanding that medications such as orlistat are typically prescribed as an adjunct to lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise. It is important for clients to attempt lifestyle modifications before resorting to medication for weight loss. Therefore, this statement demonstrates appropriate knowledge.
B. Orlistat, a medication used for weight loss, can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as oily spotting, flatulence with discharge, fecal urgency, and oily or fatty stools.
C. Orlistat is not typically used as a long-term treatment for weight loss. It is usually prescribed for a limited duration to aid in initial weight loss efforts or to help maintain weight loss achieved through lifestyle modifications.
D. Orlistat has been shown to lead to modest weight loss in clinical studies, typically ranging from about 6-11 pounds (2.7-5 kg) over 6-12 months when used in conjunction with lifestyle modifications. However, individual weight loss outcomes can vary, and it is important for clients to have realistic expectations regarding the effectiveness of weight loss medications.
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