The nurse is caring for a patient after a barium enema. When assessing the patient's subsequent bowel patterns and stools, what finding will the nurse report to the health care provider?

Large, bulky stools

Three formed stools in eight hours

Streaks of blood present in the stool

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Large, bulky stools are not uncommon after a barium enema, as the barium can cause temporary changes in stool consistency and volume. This finding would not necessarily warrant immediate reporting to the healthcare provider unless there are other concerning symptoms.

Choice B reason: Three formed stools in eight hours may indicate increased bowel activity but is not an unusual finding after a barium enema. This would not typically be a cause for concern unless accompanied by other symptoms.

Choice C reason: Streaks of blood present in the stool is a concerning finding that should be reported to the healthcare provider. The presence of blood may indicate mucosal injury, inflammation, or other complications that need to be addressed promptly.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The lab results pH 7.46, PaCO2 30, HCO3 24 indicate respiratory alkalosis, which can occur due to hyperventilation. In pulmonary edema, the patient may hyperventilate to compensate for reduced oxygenation, leading to a decrease in carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and an increase in pH (alkaline).

Choice B reason: The lab results pH 7.48, PaCO2 45, HCO3 29 indicate metabolic alkalosis with partial compensation. This is not consistent with hyperventilation in pulmonary edema, where respiratory alkalosis is more likely.

Choice C reason: The lab results pH 7.26, PaCO2 59, HCO3 30 indicate respiratory acidosis with partial compensation. This finding suggests hypoventilation, which is not expected in a patient hyperventilating due to pulmonary edema.

Choice D reason: The lab results pH 7.31, PaCO2 34, HCO3 18 indicate metabolic acidosis with partial compensation. This is not typical in a patient with hyperventilation and pulmonary edema.

A. Encourage the patient to engage in moderate exercise to improve circulation. B. Advise the patient to apply warm compresses to the painful areas to reduce discomfort. C. Suggest the patient drink caffeinated beverages to stay alert and energized. D. Recommend the patient take cold showers to help reduce pain and swelling.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Encouraging the patient to engage in moderate exercise to improve circulation is not appropriate during a sickle cell crisis. Exercise can increase oxygen demand and exacerbate the crisis. Rest and avoiding strenuous activities are recommended.

Choice B reason: Applying warm compresses to the painful areas can help reduce discomfort and improve circulation. Warmth helps relax muscles and dilate blood vessels, providing relief during a sickle cell crisis.

Choice C reason: Suggesting the patient drink caffeinated beverages to stay alert and energized is not appropriate. Caffeine can cause dehydration, which can worsen the sickling of red blood cells. Maintaining hydration with water and non-caffeinated beverages is essential.

Choice D reason: Recommending cold showers to help reduce pain and swelling is incorrect. Cold can cause vasoconstriction, which can worsen pain and reduce blood flow to affected areas. Warm compresses are preferred.

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The nurse is caring for a patient after a barium enema. When assessing the patient's subsequent bowel patterns and stools, what finding will the nurse report to the health care provider?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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