The nurse is caring for a patient in the intensive care unit who is having trouble sleeping. The nurse explains the purpose of sleep and its benefits. Which information will the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply)
During NREM sleep, biological functions increase.
REM sleep decreases cortical activity.
Restful sleep preserves cardiac function.
NREM sleep contributes to body tissue restoration.
Sleep contributes to cognitive restoration.
Correct Answer : C,D,E
Choice A reason: During NREM sleep, biological functions like heart rate and metabolism decrease, not increase, to promote restoration. Increased functions occur in REM sleep or wakefulness. This statement is incorrect, as it misrepresents NREM sleep’s physiological role, making it an inappropriate teaching point.
Choice B reason: REM sleep increases cortical activity, supporting dreaming and memory processing, not decreasing it. This statement is inaccurate, as REM is characterized by high brain activity similar to wakefulness. It does not align with sleep’s benefits, making it incorrect for the teaching session.
Choice C reason: Restful sleep preserves cardiac function by reducing heart rate, blood pressure, and stress hormones, lowering cardiovascular strain. Adequate sleep prevents arrhythmias and hypertension, making this a correct teaching point to highlight sleep’s protective role in heart health for ICU patients.
Choice D reason: NREM sleep, especially deep stages, promotes body tissue restoration by facilitating protein synthesis and growth hormone release, aiding tissue repair. This is a key benefit, particularly for ICU patients recovering from illness, making it a correct point for the nurse’s teaching session.
Choice E reason: Sleep, particularly REM and deep NREM, supports cognitive restoration by consolidating memories and clearing brain metabolites. This enhances alertness and decision-making, critical for ICU patients’ recovery. This is a correct teaching point, emphasizing sleep’s role in mental clarity and function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Pre-sleep, the transition to sleep, is not a distinct sleep cycle stage and varies widely, not consistently lasting 10-30 minutes. NREM Stage 2 has a defined duration. Misidentifying pre-sleep risks confusing staff, potentially leading to inaccurate sleep assessments and interventions in patients with sleep disorders.
Choice B reason: NREM Stage 2, lasting 10-30 minutes per cycle, involves light sleep with sleep spindles and K-complexes, consolidating memory and transitioning to deeper sleep. Accurate teaching ensures staff recognize this stage’s role in restorative sleep, guiding monitoring and interventions for patients with disrupted sleep patterns in clinical settings.
Choice C reason: REM sleep, lasting 10-20 minutes initially but up to 60 minutes later in the night, does not consistently fall within 10-30 minutes. NREM Stage 2 is more accurate. Misidentifying REM risks staff misunderstanding sleep cycles, potentially affecting sleep assessments and management in patients with insomnia or neurological conditions.
Choice D reason: NREM Stage 1, lasting 5-10 minutes, is shorter than 10-30 minutes, involving light sleep and easy arousability. NREM Stage 2 better fits the duration. Misidentifying Stage 1 confuses sleep cycle education, risking inaccurate monitoring and interventions for sleep quality, critical for patient recovery and health outcomes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Maintaining belief, while part of Watson’s model, focuses on sustaining patient values, not directly fostering hope. Instilling faith-hope is a specific carative factor addressing spiritual and emotional needs, more relevant for holistic care. Prioritizing belief risks underemphasizing hope’s role in motivating patients, especially in challenging health scenarios requiring emotional resilience.
Choice B reason: Instilling faith-hope, a core carative factor in Watson’s caring theory, involves fostering optimism and spiritual strength, enhancing patient coping and resilience. This promotes holistic healing by addressing emotional and existential needs, critical in serious illness or recovery, encouraging patients to find meaning and hope, improving psychological and physical outcomes.
Choice C reason: Maintaining ethics is not a specific carative factor in Watson’s model, though ethical care is implicit. Instilling faith-hope directly supports patients’ emotional and spiritual needs, central to holistic nursing. Focusing on ethics risks missing Watson’s emphasis on caring processes like hope, which enhance patient trust and healing in clinical practice.
Choice D reason: Instilling values is not a carative factor in Watson’s model, which emphasizes factors like faith-hope for holistic care. Values are patient-specific and not nurse-instilled. Prioritizing this misaligns with Watson’s framework, potentially neglecting emotional support like hope, critical for fostering patient resilience and well-being in health challenges.
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