The nurse is caring for a patient receiving a continuous albuterol nebulizer for an acute asthma attack. Which arterial blood gas result would indicate that the treatment has been effective?
|
ABG Value |
Normal Range |
|
pH |
7.35- 7.45 |
|
PaCO2 |
35-45 mm Hg |
|
HCO3 |
22-25 mEq/L |
|
Base excess |
-2 to +2 |
|
PaO2 |
80-95 mm Hg |
|
SaO2 |
>95% |
pH 7.39, PaO2 88 mmHg, PaCO2 35 mmHg, HCO3 23 mEq/L
pH 7.52, PaO2 86 mmHg, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3 22 mEq/L
pH 7.35, PaO2 75 mmHg, PaCO2 48 mmHg, HCO3 27 mEq/L
pH 7.30, PaO2 90 mmHg, PaCO2 44 mmHg, HCO3 18 mEq/L
The Correct Answer is A
A. A pH within the normal range, a PaCO2 within the normal range, and an improved PaO2 level suggest effective treatment for an asthma attack, indicating adequate gas exchange and resolution of respiratory distress.
B. A pH of 7.52 and low PaCO2 suggest respiratory alkalosis, which can occur with hyperventilation and may indicate overventilation rather than effective asthma treatment.
C. This result shows elevated PaCO2 and borderline low PaO2, indicating ongoing respiratory acidosis and hypoxia, suggesting the treatment is not yet effective.
D. This ABG result shows low pH, indicating acidosis, and a low bicarbonate level, which may indicate metabolic acidosis rather than effective asthma management.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A ketogenic diet does not focus on high sodium or high sugar, as high sugar intake would increase carbohydrate levels.
B. A ketogenic diet is high in fat rather than low in fat.
C. High carbohydrates are avoided in a ketogenic diet, as the goal is to limit carbohydrates to promote ketone production.
D. The ketogenic diet consists of high fat and low carbohydrates, which helps to manage seizure activity by altering the brain's energy source to ketones rather than glucose.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A patient found facedown in water is at high risk of anoxic brain injury due to potential prolonged oxygen deprivation, which is directly associated with lack of oxygen to the brain.
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D. An epidural hematoma may increase ICP, but with timely intervention, anoxic injury may be avoided; anoxic brain injury is more directly related to oxygen deprivation.
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