The nurse is caring for a patient receiving palliative care with opioid-induced constipation. Laxative therapy has been unsuccessful in treating this patient. Which PRN medication should the nurse provide to best alleviate this type of constipation?

Bisacodyl

Mineral oil

Methylnaltrexone

Docusate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Bisacodyl: A stimulant laxative that promotes bowel movements but may not be effective in refractory opioid-induced constipation.

B. Mineral oil: A lubricant that softens stools but does not address the opioid-specific cause of constipation.

C. Methylnaltrexone: A peripherally acting opioid antagonist that specifically targets opioid-induced constipation without affecting pain relief, making it the best option for refractory cases.

D. Docusate: A stool softener that is typically ineffective alone for severe opioid-induced constipation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Perforation: A temperature of 102.4° F and abdominal rigidity are suggestive of peritonitis, which is a potential complication of diverticulosis. Perforation of a diverticulum can lead to leakage of intestinal contents into the abdominal cavity, causing infection and inflammation.

B. Obstruction: Although obstruction can occur in diverticulosis, it typically causes symptoms such as bloating, abdominal distention, and pain, not fever and rigidity.

C. Infection: While infection can occur with diverticulosis, fever and rigidity in this scenario are more likely due to perforation leading to peritonitis, which is a more severe condition.

D. Constipation: While constipation can exacerbate diverticulosis, it would not typically cause fever or abdominal rigidity.

A. Systemic infection B. Urinary infections C. Drug allergy D. Drug toxicity

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Systemic infection: While liver disease can compromise immunity, systemic infection is not the most significantly increased risk.

B. Urinary infections: Liver disease does not directly increase the risk of urinary infections.

C. Drug allergy: Liver disease does not specifically increase the incidence of drug allergies.

D. Drug toxicity: Liver disease impairs drug metabolism, particularly of medications metabolized by the liver. This increases the risk of drug toxicity.

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The nurse is caring for a patient receiving palliative care with opioid-induced constipation. Laxative therapy has been unsuccessful in treating this patient. Which PRN medication should the nurse provide to best alleviate this type of constipation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with diverticulosis and assesses a temperature of 102.4° F and abdominal rigidity. What should the nurse be aware is the most likely cause of these signs and symptoms?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which risk is significantly increased in patients diagnosed with liver disease?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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