The nurse is caring for a patient receiving palliative care with opioid-induced constipation. Laxative therapy has been unsuccessful in treating this patient. Which PRN medication should the nurse provide to best alleviate this type of constipation?
Bisacodyl
Mineral oil
Methylnaltrexone
Docusate
The Correct Answer is C
A. Bisacodyl: A stimulant laxative that promotes bowel movements but may not be effective in refractory opioid-induced constipation.
B. Mineral oil: A lubricant that softens stools but does not address the opioid-specific cause of constipation.
C. Methylnaltrexone: A peripherally acting opioid antagonist that specifically targets opioid-induced constipation without affecting pain relief, making it the best option for refractory cases.
D. Docusate: A stool softener that is typically ineffective alone for severe opioid-induced constipation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Constipation: This is a common side effect of calcium-based or aluminum-based antacids, not magnesium-based.
B. Diarrhea: Magnesium-based antacid preparations, such as magnesium hydroxide, commonly cause diarrhea because magnesium has an osmotic effect in the intestines, drawing water into the bowel and increasing motility.
C. Heartburn: Magnesium-based antacids are used to treat heartburn, not cause it.
D. Rebound indigestion: This is more commonly associated with calcium-based antacids, such as calcium carbonate.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 625 ml/hr: This rate would administer 625 ml per hour, which is too fast for 1 liter over 8 hours.
B. 125 ml/hr: To administer 1 liter (1000 ml) over 8 hours, divide 1000 ml by 8 hours: 1000 ml ÷ 8 hours = 125 ml/hr.
C. 250 ml/hr: This rate would administer 250 ml per hour, which would result in the infusion being completed in 4 hours, not 8.
D. 125 gtt/min: This option is incorrect because it gives a rate in drops per minute, not milliliters per hour.
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