Colonoscopy results indicate the diagnosis of irritable bowel disease (IBD) in a patient admitted to the hospital with diarrhea. What information should the nurse include when preparing patient education regarding diet?

Dairy products are encouraged.

Low roughage should be followed.

Protein foods are restricted.

No added salt is required.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Dairy products are encouraged: Dairy products can exacerbate symptoms of IBD, particularly diarrhea, and are typically restricted in many patients with IBD.

B. Low roughage should be followed: A low-roughage (low-fiber) diet helps manage diarrhea and reduce irritation in the intestines for patients with IBD.

C. Protein foods are restricted: Protein is not typically restricted in IBD. In fact, patients may need higher protein intake to support healing and maintain nutrition.

D. No added salt is required: There is no specific indication that salt needs to be restricted unless the patient has other conditions (e.g., hypertension or edema). Generally, a balanced diet is encouraged unless otherwise specified by the provider.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Lubricates the intestinal wall and softens stool: This describes the action of lubricant laxatives, such as mineral oil, not stimulant laxatives.

B. Draws water into the bowel to facilitate the passage of feces: This describes osmotic laxatives, such as polyethylene glycol or lactulose.

C. Increases bulk and stimulates peristalsis: This describes bulk-forming laxatives, like psyllium, which absorb water and increase stool size.

D. Irritates the intestine directly, promoting peristalsis and evacuation: This is the correct mechanism for stimulant laxatives, such as bisacodyl and senna. They stimulate the nerve endings in the intestinal lining, leading to increased bowel movement activity.

A. Lying down 1 hour after eating B. Eating three well-balanced meals C. Eating nothing for several hours before bedtime D. Sleeping without pillows

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Lying down 1 hour after eating: Lying down after eating can worsen symptoms of heartburn and acid reflux, so it is generally discouraged for patients with hiatal hernia.

B. Eating three well-balanced meals: While eating balanced meals is important, it's not specifically recommended for reducing heartburn or regurgitation in patients with a hiatal hernia. Smaller, more frequent meals are generally better.

C. Eating nothing for several hours before bedtime: Avoiding food for several hours before bedtime allows the stomach to empty, reducing the risk of acid reflux, heartburn, and regurgitation.

D. Sleeping without pillows: Patients with hiatal hernias are often advised to sleep with the head elevated (using pillows) to prevent acid reflux while sleeping.

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Colonoscopy results indicate the diagnosis of irritable bowel disease (IBD) in a patient admitted to the hospital with diarrhea. What information should the nurse include when preparing patient education regarding diet?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is the mechanism of action of a stimulant laxative?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is constructing a teaching plan for a patient with a hiatal hernia. What should be included in this plan to help reduce the complaints of heartburn, regurgitation, and eructation?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Colonoscopy results indicate the diagnosis of irritable bowel disease (IBD) in a patient admitted to the hospital with diarrhea. What information should the nurse include when preparing patient education regarding diet?

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