The nurse is caring for a patient with a fracture. Which complications should the nurse monitor for? Select all that apply.
Hemorrhage
Elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
Infection
Fat embolism syndrome
Elevated serum potassium
Correct Answer : A,C,D
A. Hemorrhage: This is correct. Fractures, especially in large bones like the femur or pelvis, can cause significant bleeding, either internally or externally.
B. Elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine: This is not directly related to fractures. These values indicate kidney function and are not typical complications of fractures.
C. Infection: This is correct. Open fractures and surgical interventions for fractures can lead to infections, including osteomyelitis.
D. Fat embolism syndrome: This is correct. Fat embolism syndrome can occur when fat globules from bone marrow enter the bloodstream, typically after fractures of long bones or the pelvis, and cause serious complications.
E. Elevated serum potassium: This is not typically a direct complication of fractures. Elevated potassium can occur due to other factors, such as crush injuries or tissue necrosis, but is not a common concern with simple fractures.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Acutely inflamed joints will respond best to heat therapy: Heat can help relieve chronic joint stiffness and pain, but acutely inflamed joints are best treated with cold therapy to reduce inflammation and pain.
B. It is essential to monitor all body systems for effects of the disease: RA is a systemic autoimmune disorder that can affect multiple body systems, including the cardiovascular, respiratory, and integumentary systems, making comprehensive monitoring crucial.
C. Injury and age are the greatest contributors to disease development: RA is not primarily caused by injury or aging. It is an autoimmune condition that can develop at any age, although it is more common in middle age and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
D. Exercise is poorly tolerated and frequent rest is needed: While rest is important during flare-ups, regular, gentle exercise is beneficial for maintaining joint function and overall health in RA patients. It helps maintain mobility and reduces joint stiffness.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Uric acid: Elevated uric acid levels are the hallmark of gout and are used to monitor and diagnose the condition. Managing uric acid levels is crucial to prevent gout attacks.
B. Blood urea nitrogen: This is more related to kidney function and not directly relevant to gout.
C. Creatinine: Also related to kidney function. While kidney function is important in gout patients, uric acid levels are more directly related to gout management.
D. Cholesterol: High cholesterol is a cardiovascular risk but is not directly related to gout. Monitoring cholesterol is important but not the primary focus for gout management.
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