The nurse is caring for a patient with metabolic alkalosis. What will the nurse recognize as the common cause of this acid-base imbalance?

Chronic renal disease

Prolonged vomiting

Hyperventilation

Obstructive sleep apnea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Chronic renal disease typically leads to metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis, due to the accumulation of acids that the kidney cannot excrete.

Choice B reason: Prolonged vomiting leads to the loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach, which can result in metabolic alkalosis due to the imbalance caused by the loss of stomach acid.

Choice C reason: Hyperventilation leads to respiratory alkalosis due to the excessive exhalation of carbon dioxide, reducing hydrogen ion concentration in the blood.

Choice D reason: Obstructive sleep apnea is typically associated with respiratory acidosis, not metabolic alkalosis, due to episodes of hypoventilation during sleep.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Holding medication if B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) results are high is not a standard intervention when administering lisinopril. BNP levels are used to assess the severity of heart failure, but they do not directly influence the administration of lisinopril. Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that helps manage heart failure by reducing blood pressure and decreasing the workload on the heart.

Choice B reason: Checking serum potassium and creatinine levels is crucial when administering lisinopril. Lisinopril can affect kidney function and electrolyte balance. It may cause hyperkalaemia (elevated potassium levels) and increase serum creatinine levels, indicating impaired kidney function. Regular monitoring of these parameters helps ensure the patient's safety and the effectiveness of the medication.

Choice C reason: Encouraging the patient to add salt substitute with all meals is not recommended for patients taking lisinopril. Many salt substitutes contain potassium chloride, which can further increase the risk of hyperkalaemia in patients on ACE inhibitors like lisinopril. This intervention could lead to dangerous electrolyte imbalances.

Choice D reason: Documenting the extent of vision changes every shift is not related to the administration of lisinopril. Vision changes are not a common side effect of this medication. This intervention may be more relevant for patients on medications known to affect vision, but it is not specific to lisinopril.

A. The patient shakes the MDI before using B. The patient exhales before starting to use the MDI C. The patient inspires rapidly when dispensing the medication from the MDI D. The patient holds their breath for 10 seconds after inhaling from the MDI

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Shaking the MDI before use is correct technique as it ensures that the medication is properly mixed.

Choice B reason: Exhaling before using the MDI is proper technique as it prepares the lungs for inhalation of the medication.

Choice C reason: Inspiring rapidly when dispensing the medication is incorrect because it can cause the medication to deposit in the mouth or throat rather than reaching the lungs.

Choice D reason: Holding the breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication is correct technique as it allows the medication to settle in the lungs.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with metabolic alkalosis. What will the nurse recognize as the common cause of this acid-base imbalance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure who is receiving lisinopril twice a day. What intervention will the nurse implement when administering this medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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