The nurse is caring for a patient with respiratory alkalosis. Which clinical manifestations will the nurse expect to find?

Lethargy and hypoxia

Light-headedness and muscle spasms

Hypotension and respiratory depression

Muscle twitching and hyperkalaemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Lethargy and hypoxia are not typically associated with respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there is excessive exhalation of carbon dioxide, leading to a decrease in blood CO2 levels and an increase in pH. Lethargy and hypoxia are more often related to respiratory acidosis, where CO2 accumulates due to hypoventilation.

Choice B reason: Light-headedness and muscle spasms are common clinical manifestations of respiratory alkalosis. The decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels leads to cerebral vasoconstriction, resulting in light-headedness or dizziness. Additionally, respiratory alkalosis can cause a shift of calcium in the blood, leading to muscle spasms, tingling, and even tetany.

Choice C reason: Hypotension and respiratory depression are not typical findings in respiratory alkalosis. Hypotension can be a symptom of various conditions but is not directly associated with respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory depression is related to hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis, not hyperventilation.

Choice D reason: Muscle twitching and hyperkalaemia are not manifestations of respiratory alkalosis. Hyperkalaemia is more commonly seen in metabolic acidosis and not in respiratory alkalosis. Muscle twitching can occur in various conditions, but respiratory alkalosis typically causes muscle spasms and tetany due to calcium shifts.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Ondansetron on a PRN basis is used to manage nausea and vomiting. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, especially during an inpatient stay, controlling nausea is important to maintain comfort and prevent dehydration. This makes it an appropriate symptomatic treatment.

Choice B reason:

Vitamin B12 injections may be indicated in patients with Crohn’s disease who have malabsorption issues, particularly if the terminal ileum is involved. However, they are not routinely given to all patients with inflammatory bowel disease solely for the prevention of pernicious anemia.

Choice C reason:

Antidiarrheal medications are generally contraindicated in inflammatory bowel disease, as they can mask important symptoms and may increase the risk of complications like toxic megacolon, especially if administered before meals.

Choice D reason:

Beta adrenergic blockers are not used to reduce bowel motility. Their primary use is in cardiovascular conditions, and they do not address the gastrointestinal symptoms associated with inflammatory bowel disease.

A. "I can eat any foods I want before dialysis as long as I don't drink too much fluid." B. "I need to report any unusual changes in my access site, like redness or swelling." C. "I will need to check my blood pressure regularly to monitor for changes during dialysis." D. "I should contact my healthcare provider if I notice swelling in my hands, feet, or ankles." E. "I understand that hemodialysis will permanently cure my kidney disease."

Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Eating any foods before dialysis as long as fluid intake is limited is incorrect. Patients undergoing hemodialysis need to follow specific dietary restrictions to manage electrolyte balance and prevent complications. A renal diet typically limits potassium, phosphorus, and sodium intake, in addition to fluid restrictions.

Choice B reason: Reporting any unusual changes in the access site, like redness or swelling, is correct. Changes at the access site can indicate infection or other complications and require immediate attention.

Choice C reason: Checking blood pressure regularly to monitor for changes during dialysis is correct. Blood pressure monitoring is essential during dialysis to detect hypotension or hypertension and adjust treatment accordingly.

Choice D reason: Contacting the healthcare provider if swelling in hands, feet, or ankles is noticed is correct. Swelling can indicate fluid overload or other complications that need to be addressed.

Choice E reason: Understanding that hemodialysis will permanently cure kidney disease is incorrect. Hemodialysis is a treatment that replaces kidney function but does not cure kidney disease. It manages symptoms and removes waste products from the blood.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with respiratory alkalosis. Which clinical manifestations will the nurse expect to find?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a patient who is diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease and is requiring inpatient treatment at a hospital. What medication will the nurse provide when caring for this patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a patient who is scheduled for hemodialysis about the process and potential complications. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates to the nurse the need for further teaching? (Select All That Apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

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