The nurse is caring for a patient with respiratory alkalosis. Which clinical manifestations will the nurse expect to find?

Lethargy and hypoxia

Light-headedness and muscle spasms

Hypotension and respiratory depression

Muscle twitching and hyperkalaemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Lethargy and hypoxia are not typically associated with respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there is excessive exhalation of carbon dioxide, leading to a decrease in blood CO2 levels and an increase in pH. Lethargy and hypoxia are more often related to respiratory acidosis, where CO2 accumulates due to hypoventilation.

Choice B reason: Light-headedness and muscle spasms are common clinical manifestations of respiratory alkalosis. The decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels leads to cerebral vasoconstriction, resulting in light-headedness or dizziness. Additionally, respiratory alkalosis can cause a shift of calcium in the blood, leading to muscle spasms, tingling, and even tetany.

Choice C reason: Hypotension and respiratory depression are not typical findings in respiratory alkalosis. Hypotension can be a symptom of various conditions but is not directly associated with respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory depression is related to hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis, not hyperventilation.

Choice D reason: Muscle twitching and hyperkalaemia are not manifestations of respiratory alkalosis. Hyperkalaemia is more commonly seen in metabolic acidosis and not in respiratory alkalosis. Muscle twitching can occur in various conditions, but respiratory alkalosis typically causes muscle spasms and tetany due to calcium shifts.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Rechecking blood glucose immediately is not the appropriate immediate intervention when a patient shows signs of hypoglycaemia with a blood glucose level of 55 mg/dL. Immediate treatment is needed to raise the blood glucose level to prevent further complications.

Choice B reason: Providing 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates is the immediate intervention for a patient with hypoglycaemia. Fast-acting carbohydrates such as glucose tablets, juice, or regular soda can quickly raise blood glucose levels. This intervention addresses the immediate need to correct hypoglycaemia symptoms such as diaphoresis and palpitations.

Choice C reason: Administering 1 mg of glucagon intramuscularly is typically reserved for severe hypoglycaemia when the patient is unconscious or unable to ingest carbohydrates. In this scenario, the patient is conscious and able to consume fast-acting carbohydrates.

Choice D reason: Preparing an insulin subcutaneous injection is not appropriate for treating hypoglycaemia. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels and would worsen the patient's hypoglycaemic state.

A. Ulcers in the descending colon noted on colonoscopy B. Absence of narrowing of the colon and mucosal edema on barium studies C. Fistulas and perianal involvement D. Mild bleeding and abdominal mass E. Regional, discontinuous skip lesions noted on the barium studies

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Ulcers in the descending colon are indicative of Crohn's disease, which affects any part of the gastrointestinal tract.

Choice B reason: Absence of narrowing of the colon and mucosal edema is more indicative of ulcerative colitis rather than Crohn's disease.

Choice C reason: Fistulas and perianal involvement are common complications of Crohn's disease due to the transmural inflammation.

Choice D reason: Mild bleeding and an abdominal mass can be associated with both Crohn's disease and other gastrointestinal disorders, making it less specific.

Choice E reason: Regional, discontinuous skip lesions are a hallmark of Crohn's disease, seen on barium studies, indicating areas of inflammation separated by normal tissue.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with respiratory alkalosis. Which clinical manifestations will the nurse expect to find?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

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