The nurse is caring for an 80-year-old patient who has just begun taking a Thiazide diuretic to treat hypertension.
What is an important aspect of care for this patient?
Providing a low potassium diet.
Encouraging increased fluid intake.
Initiating a fall risk protocol.
Increasing exercise and activity.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Thiazide diuretics can lead to hypokalemia, thus a low potassium diet is not recommended. Instead, patients should consume potassium-rich foods to maintain electrolyte balance.
Choice B rationale
Thiazide diuretics increase urine output, which can lead to dehydration. Encouraging increased fluid intake helps to prevent dehydration and maintain proper fluid balance.
Choice C rationale
Thiazide diuretics can cause dizziness or lightheadedness, increasing the risk of falls, especially in elderly patients. Initiating a fall risk protocol is important to ensure patient safety.
Choice D rationale
While exercise is beneficial, thiazide diuretics can cause weakness and dizziness, making it important to assess the patient’s tolerance and monitor their response to physical activity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Anticholinergic drugs do not cause pupil restriction; they relax the muscles around the eye, leading to dilation.
Choice B rationale
Decreased lacrimal secretions are a secondary effect of anticholinergics and not their primary purpose in ophthalmology.
Choice C rationale
Anticholinergics cause pupil dilation (mydriasis) by relaxing the muscles that constrict the pupil, allowing for a better examination of the eye's interior.
Choice D rationale
Sedation is not a primary effect of anticholinergics used in ophthalmology.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Unstable angina is characterized by sudden, severe chest pain that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion and is not relieved by nitroglycerin. It represents an imminent risk of myocardial infarction.
Choice B rationale
Ischemic heart disease can cause various types of angina, including stable, unstable, and Prinzmetal’s angina. The term “ischemic” refers to a lack of blood flow to the heart muscle, but this choice is too broad.
Choice C rationale
Stable angina occurs when there is an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand, typically during physical exertion or emotional stress. It is characterized by predictable chest pain that is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.
Choice D rationale
Prinzmetal’s angina, also known as variant angina, is caused by a spasm in the coronary arteries, which leads to a temporary reduction in blood flow. It can occur at rest and is not necessarily related to the imbalance of myocardial supply and demand.
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