The nurse is discussing microvascular complications of diabetes with a patient. What topics will the nurse include in the discussion?

Foot ulcers and delayed wound healing

Stroke prevention and cardiac health

Retinopathy and nephropathy

Hypertension management and cholesterol control

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Foot ulcers and delayed wound healing are related to diabetes but are considered macrovascular complications. Microvascular complications specifically refer to damage to small blood vessels.

Choice B reason: Stroke prevention and cardiac health are important but are related to macrovascular complications of diabetes. The focus here is on microvascular complications.

Choice C reason: Retinopathy and nephropathy are microvascular complications of diabetes. These conditions result from damage to small blood vessels in the eyes and kidneys, respectively. Diabetic retinopathy can lead to vision loss, while diabetic nephropathy can lead to kidney failure. It is important to monitor for these complications and manage blood glucose levels to prevent or slow their progression.

Choice D reason: Hypertension management and cholesterol control are important for overall cardiovascular health but are related to macrovascular complications. The discussion should focus on microvascular complications specific to diabetes.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Drowsiness is not a typical side effect of prednisone. Prednisone can cause alertness and difficulty sleeping, making drowsiness an unlikely side effect. It is more commonly associated with medications that have sedative properties.

Choice B reason: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a potential side effect of prednisone. Corticosteroids like prednisone can cause fluid retention and increase blood pressure. Patients taking prednisone should monitor their blood pressure regularly and discuss any significant changes with their healthcare provider.

Choice C reason: Weight loss is not a common side effect of prednisone. In fact, prednisone can cause weight gain due to increased appetite and fluid retention. Patients on prednisone should be mindful of their diet and exercise to manage potential weight changes.

Choice D reason: Skin thickening is not a typical side effect of prednisone. Corticosteroids can cause thinning of the skin with long-term use, rather than thickening. Patients should be aware of this potential side effect and take steps to protect their skin.

A. Removal of the transplanted kidney. B. An increase in the dose of cyclosporine therapy. C. A new kidney transplant from a living donor. D. Administration of methylprednisolone sodium succinate.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Removal of the transplanted kidney is the definitive intervention for hyperacute rejection. Hyperacute rejection occurs within minutes to hours after transplantation due to pre-formed antibodies against the donor organ. This form of rejection is irreversible and requires immediate removal of the transplanted kidney to prevent further complications and damage to the recipient's health.

Choice B reason: An increase in the dose of cyclosporine therapy is not effective in hyperacute rejection. Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive medication used to prevent rejection, but in cases of hyperacute rejection, the rapid and severe immune response cannot be controlled by increasing the dose. The affected kidney must be removed.

Choice C reason: A new kidney transplant from a living donor is not an immediate intervention for hyperacute rejection. Before considering another transplant, it is essential to identify and address the underlying cause of hyperacute rejection and ensure that the recipient's immune system is adequately managed to prevent recurrence.

Choice D reason: Administration of methylprednisolone sodium succinate is typically used to manage acute rejection episodes but is not effective for hyperacute rejection. The rapid onset and severity of hyperacute rejection necessitate the removal of the transplanted organ rather than relying on immunosuppressive medications.

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The nurse is discussing microvascular complications of diabetes with a patient. What topics will the nurse include in the discussion?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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