The nurse is educating a group of adolescents about factors that contribute to the development of acne vulgaris. Which statement by one of the adolescents indicates a need for further teaching?
"Acne is caused by poor hygiene practices."
"Hormonal changes can trigger acne breakouts."
"Certain foods, like chocolate, can worsen acne."
"Stress and anxiety can worsen acne symptoms."
The Correct Answer is A
Explanation: Choice a indicates a need for further teaching because acne is not caused by poor hygiene practices alone. While keeping the skin clean is important, acne results from a combination of factors, including hormonal changes, excess oil production, and clogged pores.
Incorrect choices: b. "Hormonal changes can trigger acne breakouts." - This statement is correct as hormonal fluctuations, especially during puberty, can lead to increased sebum production, contributing to acne development.
c. "Certain foods, like chocolate, can worsen acne." - This statement is correct as certain foods may exacerbate acne symptoms in some individuals, though the effect varies from person to person.
d. "Stress and anxiety can worsen acne symptoms." - This statement is correct as stress can trigger hormonal responses that influence acne development and worsen existing symptoms.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: Acne vulgaris most commonly affects adolescents and young adults. It is estimated that up to 85% of individuals between the ages of 12 and 24 years experience acne at some point. During puberty, there is an increase in androgen hormones that can lead to an overproduction of sebum, leading to the development of acne.
Incorrect choices: a. Infants and young children - This is incorrect because acne vulgaris is rare in infants and young children. Acne in this age group may be a result of other underlying conditions and requires further evaluation by a healthcare provider.
c. Middle-aged adults - This is incorrect because acne vulgaris typically decreases with age. While some adults may still experience acne, it is less common compared to adolescents and young adults.
d. Elderly individuals - This is incorrect because acne vulgaris is rare in elderly individuals. It is more common in younger age groups due to hormonal changes and increased sebum production during adolescence and early adulthood.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. It is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. While it is not caused by a viral, bacterial, or fungal infection, it is associated with factors such as hormonal imbalances, increased sebum production, and inflammation of the hair follicles.
Incorrect choices: a. A viral skin infection - This is incorrect because acne vulgaris is not caused by a viral infection. It is primarily a result of the abnormal keratinization of hair follicles and excessive sebum production.
b. A bacterial skin infection - This is incorrect because although bacteria can play a role in the development of acne, it is not the primary cause. Propionibacterium acnes, a type of bacteria, is commonly found on the skin and can contribute to inflammation in acne lesions, but it is not the initial cause of acne.
d. A fungal skin infection - This is incorrect because acne vulgaris is not caused by a fungal infection. It is not related to fungi or yeast but is rather a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit in the skin.
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