The nurse is evaluating a client with diabetes mellitus, type 1 who was taught about self-administration of prescribed insulin. Which of the following actions by the client would indicate that more teaching is needed?

Rubbing the injection site after the insulin is injected

Injecting the needle at a 90-degree angle

Preparing to inject the insulin by grasping the skin

Identifying a pattern for rotation of injection sites

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Rubbing the injection site after insulin administration is not recommended, as it can increase the risk of bruising or irritation. Insulin should be injected into the subcutaneous tissue, and massaging or rubbing the site can cause the insulin to be absorbed too quickly, leading to unpredictable blood sugar levels.
B. Injecting the needle at a 90-degree angle is the correct technique for subcutaneous insulin injection, especially when using shorter needles. A 90-degree angle ensures the insulin is delivered into the subcutaneous tissue.
C. Grasping the skin helps to ensure that the insulin is injected into the subcutaneous layer and not into the muscle, which can affect absorption.
D. Rotating injection sites is important to prevent tissue damage or lipodystrophy (thickening or atrophy of the skin). Following a pattern helps ensure that insulin is injected into different areas for consistent absorption.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Bedtime snacks are often recommended for clients using insulin to help prevent nighttime hypoglycemia, especially if they are taking insulin that has a peak action during the night (e.g., NPH insulin).
B. The timing of food intake should not necessarily coincide with the peak action of the insulin. For example, rapid-acting insulins should be given around meal times, but the timing of food isn't strictly tied to the insulin peak. It's more important to match the insulin to meal timing to help with glucose control.
C. When mixing NPH (a longer-acting insulin) and regular insulin (a shorter-acting insulin), the correct technique is to draw up the regular insulin first to avoid contamination of the regular insulin with the NPH insulin, which is cloudy.
D. Educating clients about the signs, symptoms, and management of hypoglycemia is essential to safe insulin therapy.

A. "Chocolate can help decrease stress and prevent headaches." B. "Oral contraceptives are not associated with causing headaches." C. "You should try to maintain a regular sleep pattern." D. "Use bright lighting inside so your eyes do not have to strain."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Chocolate is actually a common trigger for migraines in some people, due to its caffeine content and the presence of other compounds that can provoke migraines. It’s better to avoid chocolate if it is a known trigger.
B. Oral contraceptives can sometimes trigger migraines in women, especially those with a history of migraines. The hormonal fluctuations associated with oral contraceptive use can be a potential trigger for some individuals.
C. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule is an important lifestyle change for migraine prevention. Irregular sleep patterns or poor-quality sleep are common triggers for migraines. A consistent sleep routine helps regulate the body’s circadian rhythms and may help reduce migraine frequency.
D. Bright lighting can actually trigger migraines in some people. It’s better to avoid glare and use softer, dimmer lighting, especially in environments where you spend a lot of time.

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The nurse is evaluating a client with diabetes mellitus, type 1 who was taught about self-administration of prescribed insulin. Which of the following actions by the client would indicate that more teaching is needed?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

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