The nurse is evaluating the histories of several candidates for bariatric surgery. Who is the best candidate for the surgery?

63-year-old female with alcohol addiction, congestive heart failure and a BMI of 30

17-year-old female with severe acne and a BMI of 20

31-year-old male with a history of schizophrenia and a BMI of 33

51-year-old male who has hypertension, gallstones and a BMI of 42

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. This candidate has obesity-related comorbidities such as hypertension and gallstones, which may indicate a higher risk of complications from obesity. With a BMI of 42, this individual meets the criteria for bariatric surgery. Additionally, being older than 18 years old and having obesity-related comorbidities make this candidate a potentially suitable candidate for bariatric surgery.
A. Bariatric surgery may not be appropriate for individuals with severe alcohol addiction or unstable cardiovascular conditions like congestive heart failure. Additionally, with a BMI of 30, this candidate is considered overweight but may not meet the criteria for bariatric surgery.
B. Bariatric surgery is not typically recommended for adolescents with a BMI in the normal weight range (18.5 to 24.9), such as this candidate. Furthermore, severe acne alone would not be a sufficient indication for bariatric surgery.
C. Bariatric surgery candidates should be mentally stable and capable of understanding and adhering to the necessary pre- and postoperative guidelines.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. It is essential to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by the healthcare provider, even if symptoms improve before the course is finished. This ensures that all bacteria causing the infection are eradicated, reducing the risk of recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance.
A. Antibiotics should be taken exactly as prescribed and for the full duration of the treatment course. Incomplete or inconsistent use of antibiotics can lead to incomplete eradication of the infection, development of antibiotic resistance, and recurrence of the infection.
C. While cranberry juice is often recommended for urinary tract health due to its ability to prevent bacterial adherence to the bladder wall, it is not a substitute for antibiotics in treating urinary tract infections.
D. Typically, urine cultures are reserved for cases where the diagnosis is uncertain, or the infection is recurrent or complicated. In uncomplicated UTIs, empirical antibiotic treatment based on symptoms and clinical presentation is usually sufficient.

A. Temperature-101.2 B. Bowel sounds change from normoactive to absent C. Left lower quadrant discomfort D. WBC count is slightly elevated

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Bowel sounds are typically present and indicate normal gastrointestinal motility. A change from normoactive (normal) to absent bowel sounds can indicate bowel obstruction, perforation, or peritonitis, which are serious complications of diverticulitis. This change warrants immediate reporting to the physician as it may indicate a worsening condition requiring urgent intervention.
A. A temperature of 101.2°F (38.4°C) is slightly elevated and may indicate the presence of infection, which is concerning in the context of diverticulitis. Fever is a common symptom of diverticulitis, but an elevated temperature may also suggest worsening infection or the development of complications such as abscess formation or perforation.
C. Left lower quadrant discomfort is a common symptom of diverticulitis due to inflammation in the sigmoid colon, where diverticula are most prevalent. While discomfort is expected in diverticulitis, the severity and persistence of pain should be assessed.
D. An elevated white blood cell (WBC) count is indicative of inflammation or infection and is commonly seen in diverticulitis. However, the significance of the elevation depends on the degree of increase and the presence of other clinical findings.

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The nurse is evaluating the histories of several candidates for bariatric surgery. Who is the best candidate for the surgery?

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