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The nurse is monitoring a client receiving gentamicin.
Which of the following would the nurse assess as potential toxic effects of this medication?

Pseudomembranous colitis and crystalluria.

Headaches, vertigo, and tinnitus.

Headache and potassium 3.5 mg/dL.

Hypoglycemia and cardiac dysrhythmias.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Pseudomembranous colitis and crystalluria are not typically associated with gentamicin use.

Choice B rationale

Gentamicin can cause ototoxicity, which can manifest as tinnitus (ringing in the ears), vertigo (a sensation of spinning), and hearing loss. Headaches can also occur as a side effect of gentamicin.

Choice C rationale

While gentamicin can cause nephrotoxicity (kidney damage), which could potentially affect electrolyte levels, a potassium level of 3.5 mg/dL is within the normal range. Therefore, this would not typically be assessed as a toxic effect of gentamicin.

Choice D rationale

Hypoglycemia and cardiac dysrhythmias are not typically associated with gentamicin use.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While it is true that warfarin’s effectiveness can be affected by vitamin K, found in green leafy vegetables, it is not necessary to completely omit these from the diet. Instead, maintaining a consistent intake of vitamin K can help keep INR levels stable.

Choice B rationale

Over-the-counter pain relief medications, especially those that are nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin. Therefore, this advice is not correct.

Choice C rationale

Regular laboratory tests, specifically the International Normalized Ratio (INR), are crucial when taking warfarin to monitor its effectiveness and adjust the dosage if necessary.

Choice D rationale

Using an electric razor can help prevent cuts and bleeding, which is important because warfarin is a blood thinner. However, this information is not as critical as obtaining regular laboratory tests.

Choice E rationale

Obtaining a medical alert bracelet can be beneficial for individuals taking warfarin, as it can alert healthcare professionals in an emergency situation about the individual’s use of a blood thinner. However, this information is not as critical as obtaining regular laboratory tests.

A. Obtain a full set of vital signs. B. Administer 1 mg glucagon subcutaneously. C. Administer 25 mL of 50% dextrose. D. Obtain a blood glucose reading.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While obtaining a full set of vital signs is an important part of assessing a patient’s condition, it should not be the initial action in this case. The symptoms described by the patient suggest hypoglycemia, which requires immediate confirmation and treatment.

Choice B rationale

Administering 1 mg glucagon subcutaneously is not the initial action. Glucagon is used to treat severe hypoglycemia when the patient is unable to take glucose orally. However, the patient’s blood glucose level should be checked first.

Choice C rationale

Administering 25 mL of 50% dextrose is not the initial action. This treatment is used for severe hypoglycemia, but the patient’s blood glucose level should be checked first to confirm hypoglycemia.

Choice D rationale

Obtaining a blood glucose reading is the correct initial action. The symptoms described by the patient suggest hypoglycemia. Checking the blood glucose level will confirm whether the patient is hypoglycemic and needs treatment.

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The nurse is monitoring a client receiving gentamicin. Which of the following would the nurse assess as potential toxic effects of this medication?

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing teaching to a client who is being discharged with a prescription for warfarin. Which information should be included in the teaching for this medication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Choice E rationale

A patient is recovering from an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis and reports feeling “anxious, shaky, and sweaty.”. What should be the nurse’s initial action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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The nurse is monitoring a client receiving gentamicin.
Which of the following would the nurse assess as potential toxic effects of this medication?