The nurse is observing parents playing with their 10 month old daughter. What should the nurse recognize as evidence that the child is developing object permanence?

She returns the blocks to the same spot on the table.

She looks for the toy the parents hide under the blanket.

She bangs two cubes held in her hands.

She recognizes that a ball of clay is the same when flattened out.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. She returns the blocks to the same spot on the table.

This behavior is more related to a sense of order or routine rather than object permanence. It doesn't directly demonstrate understanding object permanence.

B. She looks for the toy the parents hide under the blanket.

This behavior is consistent with the concept of object permanence. If the child searches for a hidden toy, it indicates an understanding that the object still exists even when out of sight.

C. She bangs two cubes held in her hands.

Banging cubes is not directly related to object permanence. It might demonstrate exploration or cause-and-effect understanding, but it doesn't specifically indicate object permanence.

D. She recognizes that a ball of clay is the same when flattened out.

This behavior demonstrates an understanding of conservation, which is different from object permanence. Conservation involves recognizing that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in shape.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Use self/parent report, behavioral, and physiological factors

This choice emphasizes a comprehensive approach to pain assessment, considering self-report if the child can communicate, parent report for younger children or those unable to express themselves verbally, and a combination of behavioral and physiological factors. This approach recognizes the multidimensional nature of pain and aims to gather information from various sources for a more accurate assessment.

B. Ask the parents for a pain rating

While parents' input is valuable, relying solely on parental perception may not capture the full picture of the child's pain experience. It's important to consider other aspects, including the child's self-report (if possible) and behavioral and physiological factors.

C. Look for behavioral clues for pain such as crying

Behavioral observation is a crucial component of pain assessment. However, relying solely on crying may overlook subtle cues or variations in how different children express pain. A more comprehensive approach involves considering various behavioral indicators.

D. Use measures of heart rate and respiratory rate

Physiological measures, such as heart rate and respiratory rate, can provide additional information but should not be used in isolation. Physiological responses can vary, and other dimensions of pain assessment, including self-report and behavioral observations, should be considered for a more complete understanding.

A. decrease inflammation in the bronchioles to open up the airway B. relax bronchial smooth muscles to decrease bronchospasm C. slow the respiratory rate to improve oxygenation D. decrease mucus production in the bronchioles to improve aeration

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Decrease inflammation in the bronchioles to open up the airway:

This is more characteristic of corticosteroids, which are anti-inflammatory medications. Albuterol primarily acts as a bronchodilator, not an anti-inflammatory.

B. Relax bronchial smooth muscles to decrease bronchospasm:

This is the correct answer. Albuterol is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist that acts on bronchial smooth muscles, causing them to relax and reducing bronchospasm.

C. Slow the respiratory rate to improve oxygenation:

Albuterol is not typically associated with slowing the respiratory rate. Instead, it works by dilating the airways.

D. Decrease mucus production in the bronchioles to improve aeration:

Albuterol primarily addresses bronchospasm, and while it may indirectly help with mucus clearance, reducing mucus production is not its primary action.

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The nurse is observing parents playing with their 10 month old daughter. What should the nurse recognize as evidence that the child is developing object permanence?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When assessing a child's pain, the best approach is for the nurse to:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A 5 year old child with asthma is ordered Albuterol. The nurse knows that the primary action of Albuterol is to:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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