The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a client who is recently diagnosed with Multiple sclerosis. Which of the following is the most important to include in the patient teaching?

Limit fluid intake

Utilize assistive devices as needed

Schedule eye examinations every other year

Double up on any missed scheduled medications

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Limit fluid intake:
There is no evidence to suggest that limiting fluid intake is necessary or beneficial for clients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In fact, staying well-hydrated is often encouraged, especially for individuals with bladder dysfunction or those at risk for urinary retention or constipation, which are common symptoms of MS. Restricting fluid intake could exacerbate these issues and is not a priority in MS management.

B) Utilize assistive devices as needed:
The most important aspect of teaching for a client recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is to encourage the use of assistive devices as needed. MS often causes mobility issues, weakness, and coordination difficulties due to damage to the nervous system. Using devices like canes, walkers, or wheelchairs can significantly improve independence and safety, helping the client maintain mobility and prevent falls

C) Schedule eye examinations every other year:
Eye problems, such as optic neuritis or diplopia (double vision), are common in MS, but the frequency of eye exams depends on the individual’s symptoms. Regular eye exams are important, but every other year is generally not frequent enough. Most MS patients are advised to have annual eye exams or as recommended by their ophthalmologist, especially if they experience any changes in vision.

D) Double up on any missed scheduled medications:
Doubling up on missed medications is not recommended, as it can lead to overdose or increase the risk of side effects. It is important to follow the prescribed medication regimen and use strategies to help the client remember their medications, such as setting reminders or using a medication organizer.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Administering oral antibiotics to a client with UTI:
Administering oral antibiotics is an appropriate task to delegate to a licensed practical nurse (LPN). LPNs are trained to administer medications, including oral antibiotics, and to monitor for common side effects or adverse reactions. Since the task is routine and does not require advanced clinical judgment, it can be delegated to the LPN under the nurse’s supervision.

B) Teaching a client with a new order for a renal angiogram:
Teaching a client about a new diagnostic procedure, such as a renal angiogram, requires advanced knowledge and clinical judgment to explain the procedure, its risks, and the necessary pre- and post-procedure care. This task is best performed by a registered nurse (RN) because it involves providing detailed patient education and addressing the patient’s concerns.

C) Evaluate the outflow of peritoneal dialysate:
Evaluating the outflow of peritoneal dialysate is a more complex task that involves assessing the effectiveness of the dialysis process and identifying any potential complications (e.g., infection, leakage). This task requires clinical expertise in dialysis and the ability to interpret changes in the output. Although LPNs may assist in monitoring the process, it is ultimately the RN’s responsibility to evaluate the outcome, interpret any changes, and intervene if necessary.

D) Assess a client with flank pain due to glomerulonephritis:
Assessment of a client with flank pain related to glomerulonephritis requires a thorough evaluation of the client's condition, including understanding the potential causes of pain and monitoring for complications such as renal failure or infection. This type of assessment requires critical thinking and clinical judgment, making it the responsibility of the RN.

A. The time between ventricular depolarization and repolarization (diastole) B. Time taken for impulse to spread to the point immediately preceding ventricular contraction C. Time taken for depolarization (contraction) of both ventricles (systole) D. Passage of electrical impulse through the atrium causing atrial depolarization

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) The time between ventricular depolarization and repolarization (diastole):
This refers to the period between ventricular depolarization and repolarization, which is associated with the QT interval on the EKG, not the P wave. The P wave specifically relates to atrial depolarization, not the ventricular activity. Diastole refers to the relaxation phase of the heart cycle, and it’s not directly linked to the P wave, which represents atrial contraction.

B) Time taken for impulse to spread to the point immediately preceding ventricular contraction:

The P wave represents the depolarization (or contraction) of the atria, not the time taken for the impulse to spread to the ventricles. The time taken for the impulse to spread through the atria, across the AV node, and down to the ventricles is better represented by the PR interval, not the P wave itself.

C) Time taken for depolarization (contraction) of both ventricles (systole):
This describes the QRS complex, which represents the depolarization (contraction) of the ventricles during systole, not the P wave. The QRS complex shows the electrical activity of the ventricles as they contract, while the P wave relates to atrial depolarization, which occurs before ventricular contraction.

D) Passage of electrical impulse through the atrium causing atrial depolarization:
The P wave represents the passage of the electrical impulse through the atria, leading to atrial depolarization. Depolarization of the atria results in the contraction of the atria, pushing blood into the ventricles. The P wave is the first part of the cardiac cycle on the EKG and reflects the electrical activity that causes atrial contraction.

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The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a client who is recently diagnosed with Multiple sclerosis. Which of the following is the most important to include in the patient teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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