The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a client who is recently diagnosed with Multiple sclerosis. Which of the following is the most important to include in the patient teaching?
Limit fluid intake
Utilize assistive devices as needed
Schedule eye examinations every other year
Double up on any missed scheduled medications
The Correct Answer is B
A) Limit fluid intake:
There is no evidence to suggest that limiting fluid intake is necessary or beneficial for clients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In fact, staying well-hydrated is often encouraged, especially for individuals with bladder dysfunction or those at risk for urinary retention or constipation, which are common symptoms of MS. Restricting fluid intake could exacerbate these issues and is not a priority in MS management.
B) Utilize assistive devices as needed:
The most important aspect of teaching for a client recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is to encourage the use of assistive devices as needed. MS often causes mobility issues, weakness, and coordination difficulties due to damage to the nervous system. Using devices like canes, walkers, or wheelchairs can significantly improve independence and safety, helping the client maintain mobility and prevent falls
C) Schedule eye examinations every other year:
Eye problems, such as optic neuritis or diplopia (double vision), are common in MS, but the frequency of eye exams depends on the individual’s symptoms. Regular eye exams are important, but every other year is generally not frequent enough. Most MS patients are advised to have annual eye exams or as recommended by their ophthalmologist, especially if they experience any changes in vision.
D) Double up on any missed scheduled medications:
Doubling up on missed medications is not recommended, as it can lead to overdose or increase the risk of side effects. It is important to follow the prescribed medication regimen and use strategies to help the client remember their medications, such as setting reminders or using a medication organizer.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Wear a dosimeter badge and lead apron when providing direct patient care: When caring for a patient undergoing internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy), radiation safety is the nurse’s priority. The nurse must take measures to minimize radiation exposure by wearing protective equipment such as a dosimeter badge (to monitor exposure levels) and a lead apron (to shield against radiation). These precautions are critical to protect healthcare workers from potential radiation harm while caring for a patient with a radiation implant.
B) Avoid placing a radiation sign at the entrance of the room for patient privacy: Placing a radiation warning sign at the entrance of the room is a mandatory safety protocol when a patient is undergoing brachytherapy. This warning sign informs healthcare personnel and visitors that radiation is present, and it is important for ensuring safety. Patient privacy should not override radiation safety protocols.
C) Alert family members that they should restrict their visiting to 60 minutes at a time: While it is essential to inform family members about safety precautions when visiting a patient receiving radiation therapy, the priority action for the nurse is to ensure their own safety and radiation exposure first. Limiting family visits is an important step to reduce unnecessary exposure, but this is a secondary concern compared to the nurse's direct radiation safety measures.
D) Explain to the patient that she will continue to emit radiation for months after the implant is removed: The patient will continue emitting radiation only for a short period after the implant is removed. The duration of radiation emission depends on the type of radioactive material used in brachytherapy, but it is typically limited to a few days or weeks at most. In most cases, the nurse would explain to the patient that, after the implant is removed, radiation emission will cease.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
A) Hyperglycemia:
Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, can increase blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to produce more glucose and decreasing the effectiveness of insulin. This can lead to hyperglycemia, particularly in individuals who are predisposed to diabetes or glucose intolerance. Therefore, monitoring blood glucose levels is important during prednisone therapy, especially in clients with a history of diabetes or those at risk for developing it.
B) Hyperkalemia:
Prednisone and other corticosteroids typically decrease potassium levels rather than increase them. This occurs because corticosteroids can promote the excretion of potassium in the kidneys. Hyperkalemia is not a common side effect of prednisone therapy. In fact, hypokalemia (low potassium) is more likely to occur, so this is not a concern for clients receiving prednisone.
C) Fluid retention:
One of the common side effects of prednisone is fluid retention due to its effect on the kidneys and the way it can increase sodium reabsorption. This can lead to edema (swelling), especially in the lower extremities, and could also contribute to an increase in blood pressure. Clients taking prednisone, particularly in higher doses or for extended periods, should be monitored for signs of fluid retention and hypertension.
D) GI distress:
Gastrointestinal distress, including gastritis, ulcers, or nausea, is a common side effect of prednisone and other corticosteroids. The risk is higher if the medication is taken on an empty stomach or at high doses. To minimize this, prednisone is typically taken with food or milk, and clients are monitored for signs of GI irritation.
E) Hypotension:
Prednisone can cause increased blood pressure due to fluid retention and the resulting increased blood volume. It can also affect the balance of sodium and potassium, contributing to hypertension rather than hypotension. Hypotension is not a typical side effect of prednisone therapy, and the nurse should be vigilant for signs of high blood pressure rather than low.
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