The nurse is preparing to administer hydration via an intravenous route to a client. The nurse understands that the patient needs an isotonic solution. Which of the following options is considered an isotonic solution?

0.9% Sodium Chloride

0.45% Sodium Chloride

5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringers

None of the above

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   0.9% Sodium chloride (normal saline) is an isotonic solution, meaning it has a similar osmolality to the blood and will not cause fluid shifts into or out of cells.
B.   This is a hypotonic solution, which has a lower osmolality than blood and can cause water to move into cells, potentially leading to cell swelling.
C.   This solution is considered isotonic, but it has dextrose, which is metabolized quickly in the body, potentially making the solution hypotonic after glucose is used.
D.   This is incorrect, as 0.9% Sodium Chloride is an isotonic solution.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Docusate sodium (Colace): This is a stool softener and is used to treat constipation, not diarrhea.
B. Sucralfate (Carafate): This medication is used to treat ulcers, not diarrhea.
C. Omeprazole (Prilosec): This is a proton pump inhibitor, used to treat gastric acid-related conditions, not diarrhea.
D. Loperamide (Imodium): Loperamide is an anti-diarrheal medication that slows down gut motility and is indicated to treat diarrhea.

A. This medication an osmotic diuretic that reduces intracranial pressure B. This medication works on the distal tubule of the kidney" C. An adverse effect of this medication is hyperkalemia D. This medication is used for pulmonary edema caused by heart failure.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This medication is an osmotic diuretic that reduces intracranial pressure: Furosemide is a loop diuretic, not an osmotic diuretic.
B. This medication works on the distal tubule of the kidney: Furosemide works on the loop of Henle, not the distal tubule.
C. An adverse effect of this medication is hyperkalemia: Furosemide can cause hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.
D. This medication is used for pulmonary edema caused by heart failure: Furosemide is commonly used to treat fluid retention and pulmonary edema caused by heart failure.

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The nurse is preparing to administer hydration via an intravenous route to a client. The nurse understands that the patient needs an isotonic solution. Which of the following options is considered an isotonic solution?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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