A nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2. The client received insulin via the subcutaneous (SQ) route, which was given by the primary nurse and verified with a secondary nurse. One hour after administration, the client was not able to follow commands with a blood glucose reading of 30 mg/dL. The nurse should expect an order for which of the following medications?

Metformin (Glucophage)

Glucagon (GlucaGen)

Glipizide (Glucotrol)

Insulin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Metformin is an oral medication used to manage blood glucose in type 2 diabetes. It would not be used in an emergency situation like hypoglycemia.
B.   Glucagon is a hormone used to treat severe hypoglycemia by stimulating the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream. It is the appropriate treatment for hypoglycemia with a blood glucose level of 30 mg/dL.
C.   Glipizide is an oral medication and is not used to treat acute hypoglycemia. In fact, it could worsen hypoglycemia if taken incorrectly.
D.   Administering insulin would worsen hypoglycemia, as it lowers blood glucose levels. The client needs glucose, not more insulin.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Excretion is the removal of the drug from the body, typically through the kidneys, and is not related to changes in the drug's potency or solubility.
B. Absorption is the process of the drug entering the bloodstream, not a process that alters the drug's chemical form.
C. Distribution is the process by which the drug is spread throughout the body’s tissues and organs, not
the phase where the drug is altered.
D. Metabolism, primarily occurring in the liver, involves the conversion of drugs into more water-soluble forms, which can either increase or decrease their potency.

A. Relief of muscle spasms related to muscle injury. B. Treatment of malignant hyperthermia C. Treatment of osteoporosis D. Treatment of migraines.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Relief of muscle spasms related to muscle injury: Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant used to relieve muscle spasms and pain from musculoskeletal injuries.
B. Treatment of malignant hyperthermia: Cyclobenzaprine is not used for malignant hyperthermia.
C. Treatment of osteoporosis: Cyclobenzaprine is not used to treat osteoporosis.
D. Treatment of migraines: Cyclobenzaprine is not used for migraines

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the phases of pharmacokinetics. Which of the following phases is the change of a drug into a less or more potent or more soluble form after it passes through the liver?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client has been newly prescribed with cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril). Which of the following statements indicates the correct therapeutic use for this medication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is preparing to administer hydration via an intravenous route to a client. The nurse understands that the patient needs an isotonic solution. Which of the following options is considered an isotonic solution?

The nurse is providing an in-service on mucosal protectants. What medication protects the ulcer from further injury from acid and pepsin and is a viscous substance that can stick to the ulcer for up to 6 hours?

A nurse is providing an in-service for hydrochlorothiazide (Hydro Diuril). Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding hydrochlorothiazide? (Select All That Apply).

A client is newly diagnosed with erectile dysfunction and has been prescribed sildenafil (Viagra). Which of the following statements should the nurse NOT include in her client education about sildenafil (Viagra)? (Select All That Apply.).

A client has been newly diagnosed with breast cancer. The client has been prescribed ondansetron (Zofran), but the client is unsure of the indication for this medication. What is your response as a nurse?

The nurse is providing an in-service on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Which of the following medications is a first-generation NSAID that inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes?

The nurse teaches a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about pursed-lip breathing (PLB). Which action by the patient would indicate to the nurse that no further teaching is needed?

A client has a new prescription of spironolactone (Aldactone), and wants to learn about how the mechanism of action of this medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse explain to the client?