The nurse is preparing to administer medication to a pediatric patient. Which essential safety action should the nurse take prior to administration?

Verify dosage based on weight calculation.

Make sure that the medication has a barcode.

Have a glass of water at the bedside.

Ask the child if they have taken this medication before.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Verify dosage based on weight calculation. This is the most critical safety action, as pediatric dosages are often weight-based to prevent overdosing or underdosing, ensuring the child's safety and the medication's efficacy.

B. Make sure that the medication has a barcode. While barcode scanning is important to verify the correct medication, it is a secondary action compared to ensuring the correct dosage based on weight.

C. Have a glass of water at the bedside. While having water available can be helpful, especially for oral medications, it is not a critical safety action. The focus should be on the correct dosage.

D. Ask the child if they have taken this medication before. While it can be useful to know a child's previous experience with a medication, this is not a priority safety action compared to verifying the correct dose.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The patient is experiencing withdrawal symptoms: Withdrawal symptoms occur when a patient stops taking a medication suddenly after long-term use. However, the scenario does not describe withdrawal symptoms, but rather a loss of effectiveness of the medication.

B. The patient is habituated to the medication: Habituation refers to psychological dependence on a medication, which does not directly explain why the medication is no longer effective.

C. The patient is addicted to the medication: Addiction involves compulsive use of a drug despite harmful consequences and does not explain the loss of effectiveness described.

D. The patient is experiencing tolerance: Tolerance occurs when the body becomes accustomed to a drug, and higher doses are needed to achieve the same effect. The scenario describes tolerance, where the patient feels the medication no longer works.

A. Intramuscular B. Intravenous C. topically D. Transdermal E. Oral pills

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. Intramuscular: Intramuscular (IM) injections are absorbed faster than oral medications due to the richer blood supply in muscles compared to subcutaneous tissues.

B. Intravenous: Intravenous (IV) administration provides immediate systemic absorption as the medication is delivered directly into the bloodstream.

C. Topically: Topical medications are applied to the skin and generally have a slower absorption rate compared to systemic routes.

D. Transdermal: Transdermal patches provide a steady, controlled release of medication through the skin, but absorption is slower compared to IM and IV routes.

E. Oral pills: Oral medications are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, which is slower compared to IM and IV routes.

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