The nurse is providing care for older adult clients in an extended care facility. Which patient should be monitored for signs of urosepsis?

Choice a reason: Furosemide is a loop diuretic, which works by increasing the excretion of sodium and water in the urine. However, it also increases the excretion of potassium, leading to a significant risk of hypokalemia (low potassium levels). Patients on furosemide should have their potassium levels monitored regularly and may require potassium supplements to prevent hypokalemia.
Choice b reason: Ketoprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and inflammation reduction. It does not typically affect potassium levels or cause hypokalemia. NSAIDs can affect kidney function, but they are not associated with causing low potassium levels.
Choice c reason: Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by herpes viruses. It does not have an impact on potassium levels and is not known to cause hypokalemia. Its primary side effects are related to kidney function and gastrointestinal issues, but it does not significantly alter electrolyte levels.
Choice d reason: Ranitidine is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist used to reduce stomach acid production. It is primarily used for treating conditions like acid reflux and peptic ulcers. Ranitidine does not affect potassium levels and is not associated with causing hypokalemia. Its side effects are generally mild and gastrointestinal in nature.

Choice a reason: Dehydration is a significant risk factor for the formation of renal calculi (kidney stones). When the body is dehydrated, urine becomes concentrated with minerals and salts, which can crystallize and form stones. Ensuring adequate hydration is crucial in preventing kidney stone formation, as it helps to dilute the urine and flush out potential stone-forming substances.
Choice b reason: Protein in the urine, or proteinuria, is not a direct cause of kidney stones. Proteinuria can indicate underlying kidney disease or damage but is not typically linked to the formation of kidney stones. Monitoring protein levels in the urine is important for overall kidney health, but it is not a primary factor in stone formation.
Choice c reason: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of kidney stones. Obesity can lead to changes in the body's metabolism and increase the excretion of certain substances, such as calcium and oxalate, which can contribute to stone formation. Maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise can help reduce the risk of developing kidney stones.
Choice d reason: Iron deficiency is not a known risk factor for the formation of kidney stones. While maintaining adequate iron levels is important for overall health, it does not have a direct impact on the formation of renal calculi. Other dietary and metabolic factors play a more significant role in stone development.