The nurse is providing care for older adult clients in an extended care facility. Which patient should be monitored for signs of urosepsis?

Choice a reason: Wearing cotton underwear is recommended to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Cotton is breathable and helps keep the genital area dry, preventing the growth of bacteria. This choice of underwear is actually a preventative measure against UTIs rather than a risk factor.
Choice b reason: Having a healthy immune system is protective against infections, including UTIs. A strong immune system helps the body fight off bacteria that may enter the urinary tract, reducing the likelihood of developing an infection. Therefore, it is not a risk factor for UTIs.
Choice c reason: Drinking plenty of water is a preventive measure for UTIs. Adequate hydration helps flush out bacteria from the urinary tract through frequent urination, reducing the risk of infection. Encouraging fluid intake is an important strategy in preventing UTIs.
Choice d reason: Frequent sexual activity is a well-known risk factor for UTIs. Sexual intercourse can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, increasing the risk of infection. This is especially common in women due to the shorter length of the urethra. Proper hygiene practices, such as urinating after intercourse, can help mitigate this risk.

Choice a reason: Administering intravenous fluids during the procedure is not a common practice in hemodialysis. The primary goal of hemodialysis is to remove excess fluids and waste products from the blood. Administering IV fluids during the procedure would counteract this goal and could potentially lead to fluid overload. Any fluid administration should be carefully monitored and controlled based on the client's specific needs and medical condition.
Choice b reason: Assessing blood pressure before and after the procedure is essential in managing clients undergoing hemodialysis. Hemodialysis can cause significant fluctuations in blood pressure due to the removal of fluid and changes in blood volume. Monitoring blood pressure helps in detecting and managing hypotension or hypertension, ensuring the client's hemodynamic stability throughout the procedure. It also helps in adjusting the dialysis prescription and fluid removal rate to optimize the treatment.
Choice c reason: Encouraging the client to consume a high-sodium diet is not advisable for clients undergoing hemodialysis. High sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and hypertension, which are detrimental to clients with kidney disease. Instead, clients are often advised to follow a low-sodium diet to help control blood pressure and reduce the risk of fluid overload.
Choice d reason: Monitoring electrolyte levels weekly is important but not always adequate. Clients on hemodialysis may require more frequent monitoring of electrolytes, especially potassium, phosphorus, and calcium, to ensure that levels remain within a safe range. Frequent monitoring helps in adjusting the dialysis treatment and dietary recommendations to prevent complications related to electrolyte imbalances.