The nurse is providing education on the prevention and self-care of acne vulgaris. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Explanation: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. It is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. While it is not caused by a viral, bacterial, or fungal infection, it is associated with factors such as hormonal imbalances, increased sebum production, and inflammation of the hair follicles.

Incorrect choices: a. A viral skin infection - This is incorrect because acne vulgaris is not caused by a viral infection. It is primarily a result of the abnormal keratinization of hair follicles and excessive sebum production.

b. A bacterial skin infection - This is incorrect because although bacteria can play a role in the development of acne, it is not the primary cause. Propionibacterium acnes, a type of bacteria, is commonly found on the skin and can contribute to inflammation in acne lesions, but it is not the initial cause of acne.

d. A fungal skin infection - This is incorrect because acne vulgaris is not caused by a fungal infection. It is not related to fungi or yeast but is rather a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit in the skin.

Explanation: Choice c indicates a need for further teaching because applying a thick layer of moisturizer before bedtime can potentially clog pores and worsen acne. While moisturizing is essential for preventing dryness, it is essential to use non-comedogenic, oil-free moisturizers that are suitable for acne-prone skin.

Incorrect choices: a. "I will cleanse my face with a mild, non-soap cleanser twice a day." - This statement is correct as cleansing the face with a mild, non-soap cleanser twice a day helps remove dirt, excess oil, and debris without drying out the skin excessively.

b. "I will use a topical retinoid as prescribed by my healthcare provider." - This statement is correct as topical retinoids are a common treatment for acne vulgaris and help promote skin cell turnover and prevent clogged pores.

d. "I will avoid picking or squeezing acne lesions to prevent scarring." - This statement is correct as picking or squeezing acne lesions can lead to infection, inflammation, and scarring.