The nurse is questioning the parents of a 2-year-old child to obtain a functional history. Which topics might the nurse include? Select all that apply.
Use of car seats and other safety measures
Use of supplements and vitamins
Prenatal and perinatal histories
The child's race and ethnicity
The child's toileting habits
Correct Answer : A,B,E
A. The use of car seats and other safety measures is crucial for the child's safety and is a standard part of a functional history to ensure that the child is being protected from common household and travel-related injuries.
B. The use of supplements and vitamins can significantly impact a child's health, especially at a developmental age, and should be monitored and recorded.
C. Prenatal and perinatal histories are typically reviewed during initial visits and not necessarily part of a routine functional history for a 2-year-old unless there are ongoing health issues related to birth.
D. The child's race and ethnicity are important for demographic data but are not typically part of a functional history unless there are specific cultural practices or genetic predispositions that affect the child's health.
E. The child's toileting habits are an important aspect of their development and daily functioning, and changes or issues in this area can indicate health concerns.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Vary the child's schedule each day: While some variation in activities may be beneficial, providing a stable and predictable routine can also promote a sense of security and stability for the child during hospitalization.
B. According to Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the psychosocial stage for a 10- year-old child is industry versus inferiority. During this stage, children are developing a sense of competence by mastering new skills and tasks. Encouraging the child to complete school work supports this developmental stage by fostering a sense of accomplishment and competence. It
also helps maintain a sense of normalcy and continuity with academic activities despite the hospitalization.
C. Discourage visits from the client's friends: Social interaction with peers is important for the child's emotional well-being and development. Discouraging visits from friends would likely have a negative impact on the child's psychosocial needs during hospitalization.
D. Provide a daily session with a play therapist: While play therapy may be beneficial for addressing emotional needs, it may not directly address the child's psychosocial development according to Erikson's theory. Encouraging completion of school work aligns more closely with the developmental tasks of this stage.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Developmental age is an important aspect of the child's health but is not the primary focus of a physical examination following a health history.
B. While the parents' information is valuable, the focus of the physical examination is on the child, not the parents.
C. The child should be the focus of the physical examination to assess their current health status and to identify any immediate care needs.
D. The chief complaint is a critical component of the health history, but the physical examination should be comprehensive and focused on the child as a whole
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