The nurse is reviewing the record for a client seen in the health care clinic and notes that the health care provider has documented a diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Which initial clinical manifestation of this disorder should the nurse expect to see documented in the record?

mild clumsiness

altered mental status

muscle wasting

diminished gag reflex

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Mild clumsiness, such as difficulty with fine motor tasks (e.g., buttoning a shirt or writing), is often an early sign of ALS, reflecting initial weakness and muscle dysfunction.
B. ALS typically does not affect mental status in the early stages; cognitive functions remain intact in most patients.
C. Muscle wasting occurs as the disease progresses, but it is not usually the first sign.
D. A diminished gag reflex may develop later in the disease as bulbar involvement increases, but it is not an initial manifestation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A balanced diet is important for overall health, but it is not specific enough to be the best action for preventing osteoporosis.
B. Calcium supplementation can help, but excessive supplementation without medical advice is not recommended as the best initial action.
C. Weight-bearing exercise (like walking, jogging, or resistance training) stimulates bone formation and helps maintain bone density, making it one of the most effective ways to prevent osteoporosis.
D. Increasing intake of milk products can help improve calcium intake, but without the mechanical stress of exercise, it is not as effective in preventing bone loss.

A. "Simple partial seizures may result in an alteration of consciousness." B. "Your seizures will typically only affect one side of your body. C. "The simple partial seizure may cause motor impairment to begin in all of your extremities. D. "Simple partial seizures are not treatable."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Simple partial (focal aware) seizures do not alter consciousness; that is a characteristic of complex partial seizures.
B. Focal (partial) seizures typically affect one hemisphereof the brain and therefore one side of the body.
C. Seizures that begin with motor impairment in all extremitiessuggest a generalized seizure, not a simple partial seizure.
D. This is inaccurate. Simple partial seizures are treatablewith antiepileptic medications and sometimes surgical interventions.

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The nurse is reviewing the record for a client seen in the health care clinic and notes that the health care provider has documented a diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Which initial clinical manifestation of this disorder should the nurse expect to see documented in the record?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is discussing actions that can be taken to best prevent osteoporosis with a patient. Which information should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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