The home health nurse is caring for a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) who complains of severe fatigue. What activity should the nurse suggest to diminish the effects of fatigue?
Scheduling rest periods during the day
including daily-dose multivitamins
Performing deep-breathing exercises
Relaxing in a warm bath
The Correct Answer is A
A. Scheduling rest periods throughout the day helps patients with MS manage fatigue, which is one of the most common and debilitating symptoms of the disease. Pacing activities conserves energy and prevents exhaustion.
B. Multivitamins may support general health but are not specifically effective in managing MS-related fatigue.
C. Deep-breathing exercises can promote relaxation but do not significantly reduce MS fatigue.
D. Warm baths can worsen fatigue and other MS symptoms because heat can exacerbate nerve conduction problems in individuals with MS.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Aspiration can occur in later stages of Parkinson disease due to impaired swallowing and muscle coordination, but it is not an initial symptom.
B. Dementia may develop as the disease progresses, but it is not typically seen in the early stages.
C. Akinesia, or the absence or loss of voluntary movement, may appear later but is not usually the first sign.
D. Pill-rolling movements of the hand(a type of resting tremor) are often one of the earliest signsof Parkinson disease and commonly prompt individuals to seek medical evaluation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Muscle biopsies are not used to diagnose MS; they are more relevant in diagnosing muscle disorders, not central nervous system demyelination.
B. There are no definitive blood markers specific to MS; blood tests are mainly used to rule out other conditions.
C. A lumbar puncture may support a diagnosis by revealing oligoclonal bands or inflammatory markers, but it is not the primary determinant.
D. The diagnosis of MS is largely clinical, based on a combination of the patient’s history, reported symptoms (such as vision problems, weakness, and numbness), and neurological examination findings, often supported by MRI and other tests.
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