The nurse is teaching a class to a group of staff nurses about traumatic brain injury which condition would the nurse identify as having the highest risk of a fatal outcome within the first 24 hours post-injury?
Subdural hematoma
Diffuse axonal injury
Intracranial hemorrhage
Epidural hematoma
The Correct Answer is D
A. Subdural hematoma: Subdural hematomas develop more slowly and typically present a higher risk for delayed deterioration, but not usually within the first 24 hours.
B. Diffuse axonal injury: While severe, diffuse axonal injury typically causes a prolonged coma rather than immediate fatality within 24 hours.
C. Intracranial hemorrhage: This is severe but often depends on the size and location of the bleed.
D. Epidural hematoma: Epidural hematomas are associated with arterial bleeding and rapid deterioration due to increased intracranial pressure, making them the most fatal within 24 hours.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Start CPR: CPR is indicated if the client is unresponsive and pulseless, which is not the case here as the client is alert.
B. Prepare for radiofrequency catheter ablation: This is a long-term treatment for recurrent VT but not appropriate for acute management.
C. Prepare for defibrillation: Defibrillation is used for pulseless VT or ventricular fibrillation, not for a stable VT with a pulse.
D. Prepare for cardioversion: Synchronized cardioversion is the appropriate intervention for a stable VT with a pulse to restore normal rhythm.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Decerebrate posturing: This involves extension and outward rotation of the arms, which is not observed here.
B. Decorticate posturing: Internal rotation, adduction, and flexion of the arms are characteristic of decorticate posturing, indicating damage to the corticospinal tract.
C. Flexion withdrawal: This refers to pulling away from a painful stimulus and does not involve the described pattern of movement.
D. Localization of pain: This is an intentional movement toward the source of pain, which is not demonstrated in this scenario.
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