The nurse is teaching a client about digestion. Which statement reflects that the client understands the teaching?

The amount of blood pumped by the heart through the circulatory system in 1 minute.

Smooth muscle movement of the GI tract by way of contractions.

Neutralization by use of bicarbonate from pancreatic and biliary secretions.

It is the process when food is broken down into molecules that can be absorbed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) "The amount of blood pumped by the heart through the circulatory system in 1 minute."
This statement describes cardiac output, which is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute, and is not directly related to digestion.

B) "Smooth muscle movement of the GI tract by way of contractions."
This statement describes peristalsis, which is the rhythmic contraction of smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract that propels food and waste materials through the digestive system. While peristalsis is an important aspect of digestion, it does not encompass the entire process.

C) "Neutralization by use of bicarbonate from pancreatic and biliary secretions."
This statement refers to the neutralization of acidic chyme from the stomach by bicarbonate ions released from pancreatic and biliary secretions in the duodenum. While this process is a part of digestion, it specifically addresses the regulation of pH rather than the breakdown of food molecules into absorbable forms.

D) "It is the process when food is broken down into molecules that can be absorbed."
This statement accurately describes digestion, which is the process by which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler forms (such as carbohydrates into sugars, proteins into amino acids, and fats into fatty acids and glycerol) that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Digestion occurs in various stages along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and involves the action of enzymes, acids, and mechanical processes to facilitate the breakdown of food into absorbable nutrients.

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Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

A. Diabetes: Diabetes is not typically a contraindication for decongestant use. However, patients with diabetes should be cautious with decongestants that contain sugar or other ingredients that may affect blood glucose levels.

B. Hypertension: Decongestants can cause vasoconstriction, which may lead to an increase in blood pressure. Patients with hypertension should use decongestants cautiously and under the guidance of a healthcare provider to avoid exacerbating their condition.
C. Hyperthyroidism: While decongestants can stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and may exacerbate symptoms of hyperthyroidism such as tachycardia and palpitations, hyperthyroidism is not typically considered a contraindication for decongestant use. However, patients with hyperthyroidism should use decongestants cautiously and consult with their healthcare provider.

D. Heart disease: Decongestants can increase heart rate and blood pressure, potentially exacerbating symptoms in patients with underlying heart conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, or arrhythmias. Patients with heart disease should use decongestants cautiously and consult with their healthcare provider before use.

E. Allergic rhinitis: Allergic rhinitis is not typically a contraindication for decongestant use. In fact, decongestants are often used to relieve nasal congestion associated with allergic rhinitis. However, patients with allergic rhinitis should use decongestants cautiously and follow the recommended dosage instructions.

A. The nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and paranasal sinuses B. The nose and paranasal sinuses C. The lungs and associated structures D. The nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and the lungs

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) The nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and paranasal sinuses.
The upper respiratory tract consists of the structures located above the larynx (voice box). These include the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx (throat), and paranasal sinuses. These structures play vital roles in filtering, warming, and humidifying the air we breathe, as well as in olfaction (sense of smell) and speech resonance.

B) The nose and paranasal sinuses:
While the nose and paranasal sinuses are indeed part of the upper respiratory tract, this response does not include the entirety of the upper respiratory structures, such as the pharynx, which is also crucial.

C) The lungs and associated structures:
This choice is incorrect because the lungs are part of the lower respiratory tract, not the upper respiratory tract. The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea (windpipe), bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.

D) The nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and the lungs:
This response includes structures from both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. While the nose, nasal cavity, and pharynx belong to the upper respiratory tract, the lungs are part of the lower respiratory tract. Therefore, this option is not accurate for describing the components of the upper respiratory tract.

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The nurse is teaching a client about digestion. Which statement reflects that the client understands the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Decongestants should be used with caution in patients with which diagnoses? Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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