The nurse is teaching a client with epilepsy who has a new prescription for phenytoin (Dilantin). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Maintain good oral hygiene.

You can switch between brand name or generic for medications.

This medication is safe to take during pregnancy.

Take this medication on an empty stomach.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Phenytoin (Dilantin) is known to cause gingival hyperplasia (gum overgrowth), so it is important for the client to maintain good oral hygiene to help reduce the risk of this side effect. Regular brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups are recommended to help manage and prevent gum problems.
B. Phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning that small changes in the dose or blood levels of the drug can have significant effects. Switching between brand name and generic forms of phenytoin may lead to variations in drug absorption, potentially affecting the client’s seizure control. The client should use the same brand unless instructed otherwise by their healthcare provider.
C. Phenytoin is not considered safe during pregnancy due to the risk of birth defects (e.g., fetal hydantoin syndrome). Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should discuss alternative treatments with their healthcare provider.
D. Phenytoin can be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. It is important to follow the specific instructions provided by the healthcare provider or pharmacist.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increasing fiber can be beneficial for clients with hypothyroidism, as constipation is a common symptom of this condition. It helps improve bowel movements and overall gastrointestinal function.
B. Hypothyroidism is a lifelong condition, and thyroid replacement therapy is typically needed for life. The client must understand that they cannot stop taking the medication after a set period unless instructed by a healthcare provider.
C. Some medications can interfere with thyroid hormone replacement therapy, so it is important to be cautious and consult a healthcare provider before taking any new medications.
D. Regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels is important to ensure that the thyroid replacement therapy is at the correct dosage. This helps prevent under- or over-treatment.

A. With a glass of milk. B. On a full stomach. C. With orange juice. D. Two hours before a meal.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Milk contains calcium, which can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine and decrease its effectiveness. It is not recommended to take it with milk.
B. Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach for optimal absorption. Taking it with food, especially on a full stomach, may reduce its effectiveness.
C. While vitamin C in orange juice may enhance the absorption of some medications, it is not recommended for levothyroxine. It is best absorbed when taken with water, not juice.
D. Two hours before a meal Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach, ideally 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast, but taking it at least two hours before a meal ensures the best absorption and avoids food interactions.

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The nurse is teaching a client with epilepsy who has a new prescription for phenytoin (Dilantin). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse has taught a client with hypothyroidism about thyroid replacement therapy. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate the need for more teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is administering prescribed levothyroxine to a client on the medical unit. How should this medication be given for best absorption?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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