The nurse is planning care for an older adult client with advanced Parkinson's disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.
Assist with meals as needed.
Monitor for aspiration.
Obtain weight monthly.
Provide supplemental feedings.
Obtain dietary consult.
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
A. Clients with advanced Parkinson’s disease often have difficulty with swallowing, fine motor control, and coordination, which can make eating challenging. Assisting with meals helps ensure the client receives adequate nutrition.
B. Swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) are common in advanced Parkinson's disease, increasing the risk for aspiration. The nurse should monitor for signs of aspiration and take precautions (e.g., providing thickened liquids, upright positioning) to reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia.
C. While it’s important to monitor weight in Parkinson’s disease, monthly monitoring may not be frequent enough. Weight should be assessed more regularly (e.g., weekly) because individuals with advanced Parkinson's disease may have difficulty eating enough, leading to weight loss.
D. If the client is having difficulty eating enough during regular meals due to swallowing difficulties or fatigue, supplemental feedings (e.g., via tube feeding or liquid supplements) may be necessary to maintain nutrition and prevent weight loss.
E. A dietary consult can help provide guidance on modifying the diet to address swallowing difficulties, ensure adequate caloric intake, and prevent complications such as malnutrition or aspiration.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypothyroidism is actually more common in women than men, particularly in middle-aged and older women.
B. Low thyroid hormone levels typically lead to a slower heart rate (bradycardia), not an increased heart rate.
C. Hypothyroidism can cause extreme fatigue is correct. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of hypothyroidism due to the slowed metabolic processes resulting from low levels of thyroid hormones.
D. Hypothyroidism is associated with weight gain, not weight loss, due to a slowed metabolism. Unexpected weight loss is more commonly seen in hyperthyroidism.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Look directly at the person you are talking to helps enhance communication by using facial expressions and visual cues, which can compensate for the soft, monotone, or slurred speech often seen in clients with Parkinson’s disease.
B. Stopping to take a breath after each word would make speech more fragmented and harder to follow. It is not a recommended strategy.
C. A hearing aid would help the listener if they had hearing loss, but it does not assist the client with Parkinson’s who is having difficulty speaking, not hearing.
D. Speaking louder may help, but speaking faster is counterproductive. Clients with Parkinson’s often benefit from slower, more deliberate speech and may work with a speech therapist to use strategies like the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT), which focuses on increasing vocal loudness—not speed.
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