The nurse is teaching a patient with multiple myeloma how to remain safe in the home. Which problem should be a priority for this patient?

Fatigue

Unsteady gait

Back pain

Dyspnea on exertion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Fatigue is a common symptom in patients with multiple myeloma but may not directly impact safety in the home environment as much as other factors.
B.   An unsteady gait can increase the risk of falls and injuries, making it a priority for safety considerations in the home environment.
C.   Back pain is common in multiple myeloma but may not directly affect safety in the home environment unless it significantly impairs mobility.

D.   Dyspnea on exertion may limit physical activity but may not pose an immediate safety risk in the home environment unless it indicates a severe respiratory compromise.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E","G","H"]

Explanation

A. Polycythemia (an abnormally high red blood cell count) is not typically a primary concern in dialysis patients; instead, they are more often monitored for anemia.
B. Dialysis patients often need to restrict fluid intake to prevent fluid overload, which can exacerbate edema and cause additional cardiovascular strain.
C. Daily weight monitoring is crucial for dialysis patients to track fluid balance and detect any sudden changes that might indicate fluid retention or loss.
D. Frequent oral care is important to prevent infections, particularly because dialysis patients are at increased risk due to their compromised immune systems and possible fluid restrictions, which can lead to dry mouth and other oral health issues.
E. Dialysis patients may need a modified protein intake, depending on their specific needs and the type of dialysis (hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis). Protein needs can vary, so it is essential to follow the specific dietary recommendations provided by a healthcare provider.
F. Avoiding nephrotoxic substances (e.g., certain medications, contrast dyes) is critical to protect the remaining kidney function and prevent further damage.
G. A low-sodium diet helps manage blood pressure and fluid balance, reducing the risk of fluid retention and hypertension in dialysis patients.

H. Monitoring urine output is important to assess kidney function and fluid balance.

Even though dialysis takes over some kidney functions, any remaining urine output can provide valuable information about the patient's residual kidney function.

A. Notify the health-care provider. B. Start oxygen at 2 L/min. C. Order an electrocardiogram and cardiac enzymes. D. Place bed in modified Trendelenburg position. E. Allow the patient to rest alone. F. Elevate the head of the bed.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F"]

Explanation

A. Increased premature ventricular contractions along with symptoms of anxiety and shortness of breath may indicate worsening cardiac function or an acute cardiac event, necessitating immediate medical attention.
B. Oxygen therapy may help alleviate symptoms of shortness of breath and improve oxygenation in patients experiencing cardiac symptoms.
C. These diagnostic tests can provide valuable information about cardiac function and any potential myocardial damage or ischemia, helping guide further treatment and management.
D. The modified Trendelenburg position may increase cardiac workload, which is not beneficial in the case of PVCs.
E. The patient should not be left alone due to the need for ongoing assessment and potential rapid intervention. Furthermore, leaving them alone could worsen their anxiety.
F. Elevating the head of the bed can aid in breathing and comfort, reducing the sensation of breathlessness.

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The nurse is teaching a patient with multiple myeloma how to remain safe in the home. Which problem should be a priority for this patient?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions. Exhibits Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E","G","H"]

Explanation

A patient with a cardiac disorder is having increased premature ventricular contractions and feels "anxious" and short of breath. After vital signs are obtained, what actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F"]

Explanation

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