The nurse is teaching dietary modifications to a client with hypertension. Which product is the best selection to include as part of the client's lunch?

Dill pickles and black olives.

Canned chicken broth with barley.

Tomato juice and gluten free crackers.

Plain baked sweet potato.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Rationale

A. Dill pickles and black olives are typically high in sodium due to the pickling process. High sodium intake can exacerbate hypertension by increasing fluid retention and raising blood pressure.

B. Canned chicken broth often contains a high amount of sodium unless it is specifically labeled as low sodium or reduced sodium. Barley itself is a nutritious whole grain, but the sodium content in canned broth might counterbalance its benefits.

C. Tomato juice can be a good choice for someone with hypertension as long as it is low in sodium or sodium-free. Tomatoes are rich in potassium and other nutrients beneficial for heart health. Gluten-free crackers can be a healthy addition if they are low in sodium and made from whole grains.

D. Sweet potatoes are a nutrient-dense food high in potassium, fiber, and various vitamins and minerals. They are naturally low in sodium and are considered heart-healthy due to their potassium content, which helps counteract the effects of sodium on blood pressure.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale

A. In the early phase following a burn injury, there is increased capillary permeability due to the release of inflammatory mediators. This results in fluid shifting from the intravascular space into the interstitial space (capillary leaking), leading to hypovolemia and decreased tissue perfusion. Administering crystalloid fluids helps to restore intravascular volume (fluid resuscitation) and improve tissue perfusion.

B. Burn injuries can lead to increased evaporative water loss through damaged skin (insensible water loss). Crystalloid fluids help to replace this lost fluid and maintain adequate hydration status in the client.

C. In severe burn injuries, there may be a need for blood transfusions due to hemorrhage or ongoing blood loss. Crystalloid fluids can help to extend plasma volume temporarily until blood products are available for transfusion, thereby supporting circulatory stability.

D. Burn injuries can disrupt electrolyte balance due to fluid shifts and tissue damage. Crystalloid fluids contain electrolytes (such as sodium and chloride) that help to restore and maintain electrolyte balance in the body.

A. Iron-rich meats. B. Fresh fruits and vegetables. C. Water and herbal teas. D. Low fat dairy products.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale

A. Iron-rich meats are beneficial for overall health, particularly for maintaining hemoglobin levels in the blood. However, they are not specifically known for their role in preventing osteoporosis. Iron is important for transporting oxygen in the blood but does not directly impact bone health.

B. Fresh fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. They contribute to overall health and well-being but are not specifically known for their direct impact on bone health unless they are rich in certain nutrients like vitamin C (found in citrus fruits and peppers) and vitamin K (found in leafy greens like spinach and kale), which can indirectly support bone health.

C. Water is essential for overall hydration and health, but it does not provide specific nutrients directly beneficial for bone health. Herbal teas can contribute to hydration and provide some antioxidant benefits, but they do not have a direct impact on osteoporosis prevention.

D. Low-fat dairy products such as milk, yogurt, and cheese are rich sources of calcium and vitamin D, which are crucial for bone health. Calcium is a primary mineral in bones, and vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium. These nutrients are essential for maintaining bone density and strength, thereby reducing the risk of osteoporosis.

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The nurse is teaching dietary modifications to a client with hypertension. Which product is the best selection to include as part of the client's lunch?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is teaching an older client about the prevention of osteoporosis. Which foods should the nurse recommend to the client to increase in the diet?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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