The nurse is teaching the parent about the diet of a child experiencing severe edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Your child’s diet will consist of low-fat, low-carbohydrate foods.
You will need to decrease the number of calories in your child’s diet.
You will need to avoid adding salt to your child’s food.
Your child’s diet will need an increased amount of protein.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
A diet consisting of low-fat, low-carbohydrate foods is not specifically recommended for managing severe edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis. While a balanced diet is important, the primary dietary focus should be on reducing sodium intake to prevent fluid retention and manage edema. Therefore, this choice is not the most appropriate recommendation.
Choice B reason:
Decreasing the number of calories in the child’s diet is not a primary recommendation for managing severe edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis. The focus should be on reducing sodium intake rather than calorie restriction. Adequate nutrition is essential for the child’s overall health and recovery1. Therefore, this choice is not the most appropriate recommendation.
Choice C reason:
Avoiding adding salt to the child’s food is a key recommendation for managing severe edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Sodium can lead to water retention, which can worsen edema and increase blood pressure. A low-sodium diet helps to reduce fluid retention and manage the symptoms of glomerulonephritis. This is the most appropriate dietary recommendation for managing severe edema in this condition.
Choice D reason:
Increasing the amount of protein in the child’s diet is not recommended for managing severe edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis1. In fact, protein intake may need to be monitored and possibly restricted to prevent the buildup of waste products in the blood1. The primary dietary focus should be on reducing sodium intake to manage edema. Therefore, this choice is not the most appropriate recommendation.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Extra insulin is not typically required during exercise for children with type 1 diabetes. In fact, exercise can lower blood glucose levels, and administering extra insulin could increase the risk of hypoglycemia. It is important to monitor blood glucose levels before, during, and after exercise to adjust insulin doses as needed, but extra insulin is generally not necessary.
Choice B reason:
Exercise usually lowers blood glucose levels rather than increasing them1. Physical activity helps the body use glucose more efficiently, which can lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels. However, it is important to monitor blood glucose levels closely, as some high-intensity exercises can cause temporary increases in blood glucose due to the release of stress hormones.
Choice C reason:
Extra snacks are needed before exercise to prevent hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes. Consuming a carbohydrate snack before physical activity helps maintain stable blood glucose levels during exercise. The amount of carbohydrates needed can vary based on the intensity and duration of the exercise, so it is important to monitor blood glucose levels and adjust snack intake accordingly.
Choice D reason:
Exercise should not be restricted for children with type 1 diabetes. Regular physical activity is important for overall health and can help improve insulin sensitivity, cardiovascular health, and overall well-being. With proper planning and monitoring, children with type 1 diabetes can safely participate in a wide range of physical activities.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Assessing fluid intake is important in managing dehydration, but it is not the most critical assessment before initiating an IV infusion containing potassium chloride (KCL). Fluid intake provides information about the child’s hydration status but does not directly indicate kidney function. Since potassium can cause hyperkalemia if not properly excreted, monitoring urine output is more crucial.
Choice B reason:
Urine output is the most important assessment before initiating an IV infusion containing potassium chloride (KCL). This is because adequate urine output indicates that the kidneys are functioning properly and can excrete excess potassium. Administering potassium chloride without ensuring proper kidney function can lead to hyperkalemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. Therefore, checking urine output is essential to prevent complications.
Choice C reason:
Capillary refill is a useful assessment for evaluating peripheral perfusion and hydration status. However, it does not provide direct information about kidney function or the body’s ability to excrete potassium. While capillary refill can be part of the overall assessment, it is not the most critical factor before administering an IV infusion with potassium chloride.
Choice D reason:
The number of stools is relevant in assessing dehydration, especially if the child has been experiencing diarrhea. However, like fluid intake, it does not directly indicate kidney function. Monitoring urine output is more important before administering potassium chloride to ensure the kidneys can handle the additional potassium load.
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