The nurse knows a patient with type 1 diabetes needs more education when the patient makes which of the following statements?

“I must take insulin pills for the rest of my life."

“I will count my carbohydrates at each meal and snack."

“I will monitor my feet carefully every day."

"I will try to keep my blood glucose between 80 and 130 mg/dL before meals."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Insulin is typically administered via injections or an insulin pump, not in pill form. Individuals with type 1 diabetes require exogenous insulin to manage their blood sugar levels because their pancreas does not produce insulin.
B. Carbohydrate counting is a fundamental skill for individuals with diabetes, as it allows them to adjust their insulin dosage to match their carbohydrate intake, thereby helping to manage blood sugar levels.
C. Regular foot monitoring is crucial for individuals with diabetes, as they are at increased risk of developing foot problems due to nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor circulation.
D. Maintaining blood glucose levels within the target range (80-130 mg/dL before meals) helps reduce the risk of both short-term complications (e.g., hypoglycemia) and long-term complications (e.g., neuropathy, retinopathy) associated with diabetes.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. The spacer helps to deliver more medication to the lungs by holding the medication in the chamber, allowing the patient to inhale it more slowly and deeply. This results in better deposition of the medication in the lower airways and reduces the amount of medication that is deposited in the mouth and throat.
A. The primary purpose of the spacer is to increase the amount of medication that reaches the lungs and to reduce the amount deposited in the oropharynx (throat). The spacer helps to ensure that more medication is delivered directly to the airways where it is needed, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of the treatment and reducing side effects.

B. The exhalation slots or vents on a spacer are designed to allow the patient to exhale easily without removing the device from the mouth. The lips should form a tight seal around the mouthpiece of the spacer to ensure effective inhalation, but the exhalation slots should not be intentionally covered.
D. When using a spacer with an MDI, the patient should inhale slowly and deeply. Rapid inhalation can cause the medication to be deposited in the upper airways rather than reaching the lungs. A slow and deep inhalation allows for better medication delivery to the lower airways.

A. Take the medication with an antacid. B. Take as needed for pain relief. C. Store the medication in the refrigerator. D. Take the medication 1 hr before meals.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Sucralfate should be taken on an empty stomach, typically 1 hour before meals. This timing allows the medication to coat the ulcer site effectively and protect it from the acidic environment of the stomach, which increases after eating.
A. Taking sucralfate with an antacid can interfere with its action. Sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier on the ulcer site, and antacids can prevent sucralfate from binding properly to the ulcer. It's generally recommended to take sucralfate at least 30 minutes before or after antacids.
B. Sucralfate is not taken on an "as needed" basis for pain relief. It is prescribed as a regular, scheduled medication to provide continuous protection of the ulcer site. Pain relief from peptic ulcers comes as the ulcer heals, which sucralfate aids by protecting the mucosal lining.
C. Sucralfate does not need to be stored in the refrigerator. It should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, according to standard storage guidelines for most medications.

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The nurse knows a patient with type 1 diabetes needs more education when the patient makes which of the following statements?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a child who is starting to use a spacer with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to treat asthma. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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