The nurse observes a practical nurse (PN) performing oral care on an unconscious client. Which action by the PN indicates to the nurse the need for additional training?

Suctions secretions from the posterior pharynx.

Tests for a gag reflex before performing oral care.

Places the client in a supine position.

Uses an oral airway to keep the teeth apart.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Suctions secretions from the posterior pharynx:

Suctioning secretions from the posterior pharynx is an appropriate action to maintain airway patency and prevent aspiration in an unconscious client. This action indicates proper understanding of oral care principles.

B. Tests for a gag reflex before performing oral care:

Testing for a gag reflex before performing oral care is an important safety measure, especially in unconscious clients, to prevent aspiration or airway obstruction. This action indicates proper assessment and consideration of the client's protective reflexes.

C. Places the client in a supine position:

Placing an unconscious client in a supine position during oral care can increase the risk of aspiration, as it may impair the client's ability to manage oral secretions. The preferred position for oral care in unconscious clients is typically a side-lying position to facilitate drainage of oral secretions and reduce the risk of aspiration.

D. Uses an oral airway to keep the teeth apart:

Using an oral airway to keep the teeth apart is not a standard practice for oral care in unconscious clients and may not be necessary. Proper positioning of the client's head and jaw manipulation can often provide adequate access for oral care without the need for an oral airway.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Provide a back rub at bedtime:

This intervention addresses the client's immediate need for comfort and relaxation without resorting to restrictive measures or medications.

B. Leave the door to the client's room open slightly:

Leaving the door open may not prevent wandering and could potentially lead to safety issues.

C. Apply wrist restraints to prevent wandering:

Restraints should only be used as a last resort and when all other interventions have failed. They pose risks to the client's physical and psychological well-being and should be avoided whenever possible.

D. Administer a PRN sedative prescription:

Sedatives should be used judiciously and only after other non-pharmacological interventions have been attempted. Sedating the client may increase the risk of falls or injury and should not be the first-line intervention for managing sleep disturbances or wandering behavior.

A. Encourage the use of incontinence briefs. B. Assist to a bedside commode 30 minutes after meals. C. Administer a glycerin suppository 15 minutes after meals. D. Insert a rectal tube at specified intervals.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Encourage the use of incontinence briefs:

While incontinence briefs may help contain fecal leakage and protect clothing and bedding, they do not address the underlying issue of fecal incontinence or assist the client in achieving continence. Additionally, relying solely on incontinence briefs may not promote independence or improve the client's quality of life.

B. Assist to a bedside commode 30 minutes after meals:

This is the most appropriate intervention for establishing a bowel training regimen. Timing the use of the bedside commode after meals takes advantage of the gastrocolic reflex, which increases bowel motility after eating. Assisting the client to the commode at specific intervals helps promote regular bowel movements and may decrease the likelihood of fecal incontinence episodes.

C. Administer a glycerin suppository 15 minutes after meals:

While glycerin suppositories can stimulate bowel movements, they are typically used for acute constipation rather than chronic fecal incontinence. Additionally, using suppositories does not address the client's emotional distress or help establish a bowel training regimen focused on promoting continence.

D. Insert a rectal tube at specified intervals:

Rectal tubes are not typically used as a first-line intervention for bowel training in clients with fecal incontinence. They may be indicated in certain situations, such as severe impaction or when other interventions have failed, but they are not appropriate for all clients and may cause discomfort and complications.

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