The nurse observes the following EKG. Which lab would the nurse correlate with this finding?

Na + 134

K+ 6.1

K+ 2.1

Mg+ 18

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Mild hyponatremia (Sodium < 135 mEq/L) typically does not produce distinctive ECG changes. This value is unlikely to correlate with the presence of U waves.

B. Hyperkalemia (Potassium > 5.0 mEq/L) is associated with peaked T waves, widened QRS complexes, and flattened or absent P waves, not U waves.

C. Hypokalemia (Potassium < 3.5 mEq/L) is the primary cause of U waves. A potassium level of 2.1 mEq/L is significantly low and can result in ECG changes, including U waves, ST segment depression, and prolonged QT intervals. These changes reflect altered ventricular repolarization.

D. Hypermagnesemia (Magnesium > 2.5 mEq/L) can cause ECG changes such as prolonged PR and QRS intervals, bradycardia, and heart block. However, such an extreme magnesium level of 18 mEq/L would cause severe toxicity and is not associated with U waves.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Administering multiple vitamins and minerals via IV alone would not be sufficient for adequate nutrition in this patient, especially given the large burn surface area.

B. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) may be used if enteral feeding is not possible, but enteral feeding is usually preferred when feasible.

C. Encouraging oral intake is not appropriate for a client with a 60% TBSA burn, as they would likely require more significant nutritional support than oral intake can provide.

D. Enteral feeding is the preferred method for nutrition in burn patients as it maintains gut integrity and prevents the complications associated with parenteral nutrition. Although the client has absent bowel sounds and a distended abdomen, this can be common early in burn care, and enteral feedings should be started as soon as feasible to prevent malnutrition and promote recovery.

A. "In hot weather, I sweat so much that I drink six glasses of water each day." B. "I take sodium bicarbonate after every meal to prevent heartburn." C. "I don't drink milk because it gives me gas and diarrhea." D. "I have been taking digoxin every day for the last 15 years."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Drinking water in hot weather is important to prevent dehydration. This is not a risk factor for metabolic alkalosis unless the client is excessively losing electrolytes through sweating and not replacing them.

B. Sodium bicarbonate is an alkaline substance, and regular use, especially after meals, can contribute to metabolic alkalosis. The client should be instructed on the potential risks of using sodium bicarbonate too frequently.

C. Avoiding milk due to gastrointestinal symptoms does not directly contribute to metabolic alkalosis.

D. Digoxin does not directly affect acid-base balance, but it requires monitoring due to potential interactions with other medications or electrolyte imbalances.

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The nurse observes the following EKG. Which lab would the nurse correlate with this finding?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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