The nurse observes the following EKG. Which lab would the nurse correlate with this finding?

Na + 134

K+ 6.1

K+ 2.1

Mg+ 18

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Mild hyponatremia (Sodium < 135 mEq/L) typically does not produce distinctive ECG changes. This value is unlikely to correlate with the presence of U waves.

B. Hyperkalemia (Potassium > 5.0 mEq/L) is associated with peaked T waves, widened QRS complexes, and flattened or absent P waves, not U waves.

C. Hypokalemia (Potassium < 3.5 mEq/L) is the primary cause of U waves. A potassium level of 2.1 mEq/L is significantly low and can result in ECG changes, including U waves, ST segment depression, and prolonged QT intervals. These changes reflect altered ventricular repolarization.

D. Hypermagnesemia (Magnesium > 2.5 mEq/L) can cause ECG changes such as prolonged PR and QRS intervals, bradycardia, and heart block. However, such an extreme magnesium level of 18 mEq/L would cause severe toxicity and is not associated with U waves.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Client with serum phosphorus level of 4.5 mg/dL: This is within the normal range for phosphorus (2.5-4.5 mg/dL), and the client does not require immediate assessment.

B. Client with serum magnesium level of 1.1 mEq/L who has tremors and hyperactive deep tendon reflexes: This is the correct answer. A magnesium level of 1.1 mEq/L is below the normal range (1.5-2.5 mEq/L), and symptoms like tremors and hyperactive reflexes indicate hypomagnesemia, which can lead to serious complications such as arrhythmias.

C. Client with serum potassium level of 5.0 mEq/L who is complaining of abdominal cramping: A potassium level of 5.0 mEq/L is within the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L), so this client does not need immediate intervention.

D. Client with serum sodium level of 145 mEq/L who has a dry mouth and is asking for a glass of water: A sodium level of 145 mEq/L is at the upper end of normal (135-145 mEq/L), and the symptoms are likely due to dehydration or a normal response.

A. Hydration and urine output are maintained by bladder irrigation. B. Bladder irrigation prevents obstruction of the catheter after surgery. C. Bladder irrigation decreases the risk of postoperative bleeding. D. Antibiotics are infused continuously through the bladder irrigation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hydration and urine output are maintained through IV fluids and kidney function, not bladder irrigation.

B. Continuous bladder irrigation prevents catheter obstruction by flushing out blood clots or debris after TURP surgery. This is the primary purpose of the procedure.

C. While bladder irrigation may help reduce bleeding indirectly by maintaining flow, it is not its main purpose.

D. Antibiotics are not typically administered via bladder irrigation; systemic routes are preferred for infection control.

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The nurse observes the following EKG. Which lab would the nurse correlate with this finding?

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