The nurse places a coin in the patient's hand, the patient is with eyes closed. The ability to identify an object by feeling it is defined as:

Extinction

Stereognosis

Proprioception

Two-point discrimination

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Extinction refers to the phenomenon where a person fails to recognize a stimulus on one side of the body when another stimulus is presented simultaneously on the opposite side. This is often tested in cases of neurological impairment, particularly in the context of sensory neglect or loss
B.   Stereognosis is the ability to identify an object by touch and proprioception without visual input. It involves recognizing the shape, size, and texture of an object solely through tactile information. Placing a coin in the patient’s hand and asking them to identify it with their eyes closed tests their ability to use tactile information to recognize objects, making stereognosis the correct term for this assessment.
C.   Proprioception is the sense of the position and movement of the body and its parts. It involves awareness of body position in space, which is crucial for coordination and balance. While important, proprioception does not specifically involve identifying objects by touch alone; it is more about the awareness of body position.
D.   Two-point discrimination is the ability to distinguish between two closely spaced points of contact on the skin. It tests the sensitivity of the skin to touch and is often used to assess sensory nerve function. It does not involve identifying objects by touch but rather measuring how well one can discern between two separate points of contact.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Decorticate rigidity is characterized by flexion of the arms and extension of the legs. In this posture, the upper arms are flexed and held tightly to the sides, with the elbows, wrists, and fingers also flexed. The legs are extended and internally rotated.
B. Flaccid posture, or flaccidity, is characterized by a complete lack of muscle tone, which leads to a limp and lifeless appearance. There is no resistance to passive movement, and the muscles are weak or paralyzed.

C. Decerebrate rigidity is characterized by extension of both the arms and the legs. In this posture, the arms are extended at the sides with the wrists and fingers flexed, and the legs are extended and internally rotated. This type of rigidity indicates damage to the brainstem below the red nucleus.
D. Hemiplegia refers to paralysis of one side of the body, which can result from brain injury or stroke affecting one hemisphere of the brain. The affected side will have limited or no movement and muscle tone.

A. Hallucination B. Perseveration C. Fugue state D. Illusion

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A hallucination is a sensory experience that occurs without any external stimulus. It involves perceiving things that are not present in the environment, such as hearing voices or seeing things that are not there. The young man hearing his deceased sister talking to him in his head is an example of an auditory hallucination, which is a common symptom in schizophrenia.
B. Perseveration is the repetitive and persistent repetition of a particular response, such as a word or action, despite the absence of a stimulus or the problem being resolved. It is not related to abnormal sensory perceptions but rather to repetitive behaviors or speech. The young man's experience of hearing voices does not fit this description.
C. A fugue state is a type of dissociative disorder where a person suddenly and unexpectedly travels away from home or customary work locations and cannot recall their past. It often involves amnesia for personal history. The scenario described does not involve such travel or amnesia but rather auditory experiences, making this term irrelevant.
D. An illusion is a misperception of an actual external stimulus. It involves incorrectly interpreting a real sensory input, such as mistaking a shadow for a person. Since the young man is not misinterpreting a real external stimulus but rather hearing something that is not present at all, an illusion does not accurately describe his experience.

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The nurse places a coin in the patient's hand, the patient is with eyes closed. The ability to identify an object by feeling it is defined as:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In the Neuro ICU, a comatose patient has this posture in bed: Upper arms are flexed tight to the sides with elbows, wrists, and fingers flexed. The legs are extended and internally rotated. The nurse interprets this posture as:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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