The nurse places a coin in the patient's hand, the patient is with eyes closed. The ability to identify an object by feeling it is defined as:

Extinction

Stereognosis

Proprioception

Two-point discrimination

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Extinction refers to the phenomenon where a person fails to recognize a stimulus on one side of the body when another stimulus is presented simultaneously on the opposite side. This is often tested in cases of neurological impairment, particularly in the context of sensory neglect or loss
B.   Stereognosis is the ability to identify an object by touch and proprioception without visual input. It involves recognizing the shape, size, and texture of an object solely through tactile information. Placing a coin in the patient’s hand and asking them to identify it with their eyes closed tests their ability to use tactile information to recognize objects, making stereognosis the correct term for this assessment.
C.   Proprioception is the sense of the position and movement of the body and its parts. It involves awareness of body position in space, which is crucial for coordination and balance. While important, proprioception does not specifically involve identifying objects by touch alone; it is more about the awareness of body position.
D.   Two-point discrimination is the ability to distinguish between two closely spaced points of contact on the skin. It tests the sensitivity of the skin to touch and is often used to assess sensory nerve function. It does not involve identifying objects by touch but rather measuring how well one can discern between two separate points of contact.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as "tennis elbow," is an overuse injury characterized by pain and tenderness on the outer part of the elbow (lateral epicondyle). It results from repeated stress and

strain on the forearm muscles and tendons, often due to activities involving repetitive arm motions such as tennis. The pain typically worsens with activities involving gripping, extending, or lifting.
B. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that typically affects joints symmetrically, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness. It usually involves joints like the hands, wrists, and knees rather than the elbows alone. RA symptoms are generally more diffuse and persistent, rather than specifically linked to recent physical activity and localized pain associated with movement.
C. Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints. It often presents with sudden, severe pain, redness, and swelling, typically affecting the big toe but can also affect other joints. Gout attacks usually occur at night and are often very acute and localized. It is less likely to be associated with the type of pain described (pain during extension and flexion) and recent physical activity.
D. Medial epicondylitis, also known as "golfer’s elbow," is similar to lateral epicondylitis but affects the inner part of the elbow (medial epicondyle). It is more commonly associated with activities that involve gripping and wrist flexion rather than the generalized extension and flexion pain described.

A. V B. VII C. I D. VIII

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is primarily responsible for sensation in the face and the motor control of the muscles used for chewing. It does not have a role in balance or equilibrium, so it would not be the focus when assessing balance issues.
B. The facial nerve (CN VII) controls the muscles of facial expression and provides taste sensation to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. While it plays a significant role in facial movement and taste, it is not involved in balance or equilibrium.
C. The olfactory nerve (CN I) is responsible for the sense of smell. It does not have any role in balance or equilibrium. Balance issues are not related to the olfactory nerve, so this is not the appropriate focus for balance assessment.
D. The vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) has two major components: the cochlear nerve, which is responsible for hearing, and the vestibular nerve, which is responsible for balance and equilibrium. The vestibular component of CN VIII is crucial for maintaining balance and spatial orientation. When a client reports spontaneous loss of balance, this nerve should be the focus of additional assessment.

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The nurse places a coin in the patient's hand, the patient is with eyes closed. The ability to identify an object by feeling it is defined as:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 75-year-old male patient who recently started playing Tennis at the local adult care center is complaining of elbow pain associated with extension and flexion range of movement. The nurse knows the likely cause of this patient discomfort is due to:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

During an assessment of the cranial nerves, a client reports spontaneously losing balance. The nurse should focus additional assessment on which cranial nerve?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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